TOUCHING UP CARDS
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19 Terms
what is the normal neck shaft angle?
The neck-shaft angle is about 120–135°
What meniscus is more mobile?
the lateral meniscus
Is the fibular collateral ligament seperate from the fibrous capsule?
Yes it is
what is external tibial torsion?
External tibial torsion is a rotational deformity of the tibia where the bone twists outward from the knee to the ankle, typically measured in degrees. This condition affects the alignment of the leg and can influence walking patterns.
A high ankle sprain mechanism
involves excessive dorsiflexion and external rotation of the ankle, often impacting the syndesmosis between the tibia and fibula.
Landmark of the medial arch
navicular tuberosity
Highest medial arch bone
Talus
Vertebral motion segment
Two adjacent vertebrae, their intervertebral disc, joints, ligaments, muscles, and associated nerves.
Number of joints in a typical vertebral motion segment
Three.
Three joints in a vertebral motion segment
One anterior interbody joint and two posterior zygapophysial joints.
Type of joint is the interbody joint
A symphysis: a secondary cartilaginous joint.
Ligament preventing anterior translation of C1/head on C2
The transverse ligament of the atlas.
Location of uncinate processes
On the lateral/posterolateral margins of the superior endplates of C3–C7 vertebrae.
Function of uncinate processes
They guide cervical movement and help protect the intervertebral/transverse foramina from herniated disc material.
Longus capitis origin
Anterior tubercles of transverse processes C3–C6.
Longus capitis insertion
Basilar part of the occipital bone.
Longus capitis innervation and actions
Anterior rami C1–C3; cervical flexion and capital flexion.
Muscles that eccentrically control gravity-assisted trunk flexion at the start
Erector spinae and multifidus.
Flexion-relaxation phenomenon
At about 75–85% of trunk flexion, erector spinae and multifidus activity decreases; passive tissues such as posterior disc, ligaments, and thoracolumbar fascia provide most support.