2.C

Is skeletal (striated) control an example of involuntary or voluntary control?

voluntary control

What is skeletal/striated control?

attached to bones; responsible for movements like walking, lifting, and speaking

monoplegia

paralysis affecting one limb, usually arm or a leg

paraplegia

paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body

What usually causes paraplegia?

injury to thoracic spinal cord or below

triplegia

paralysis affecting three limbs, typically both arms and one leg

quadriplegia

paralysis of four limbs (both arms and legs)

What usually causes quadriplegia?

injury to cervical spinal cord

inter-

between hemispheres

intra-

within the same hemisphere

ipsi-

ipsilateralc

contra-

contralateral

post-

after

pre-

before

transient

lasts only a short time

persistent

continuous; not going away

static/stationary

not changing or moving

acute

sudden onset, severe, and short in duration

subacute

between acute and chronic; less rapid in onset, less severe than acute

chronic

lasting a long time, persistent

negative

indicates absence of a condition or resultp

positive

indicates the presence of a condition or result

gray matter

neuron/soma

CNS

the part of the nervous system composed of the brain and spinal cord

nucleus

a cluster of neuron cell bodies in the CNS

tract/fasciculus

a bundle of axons (nerve fibers) in the CNS

stria

a band or stripe of nerve fibers in the CNS, often thin

PNS

nervous system that consists of all the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord

the PNS has 12 pairs of

cranial nerves

the PNS has 31 pairs of

spinal nerves

ganglion

a cluster of neuron cell bodies in the PNS

nerve

a bundle of axons (nerve fibers) in the PNS

general somatic

muscle, joints, skin of the entire body

general visceral

internal organ

general somatic efferent (GSE) 

sends motor commands to skeletal muscles

general somatic afferent (GSA)

brings in sensory info from skin, muscles, joints

general visceral efferent (GVE)

sends motor signals to organs (atuonomic)

general visceral afferent (GVA)

brings in sensory info from organs

special somatic afferent (SSA)

sensory input from special sense organs related to the body

special visceral afferent (SVA)

sensory input for taste and smell

special visceral efferent (SVE)

motor output to muscles derived from pharyngeal arches