Abnormal Psychology Final Exam

After being bitten by a dog, Jose finds that he feels afraid whenever he sees a dog. In classical conditioning terms, the dog can be described as a(n) ________.

controlled stimulus

Psychologists who investigate and explain how factors such as genetics, neurobiology, and hormonal responses can influence psychopathology are using a ________ perspective.

biological

What is the most important limitation of

correlational research?

It can't determine cause and effect

In what significant ways do correlational research designs differ from experimental research designs?

There is no manipulation of variables in correlational research.

Which of the following demonstrates

reliability?

When an IQ test is administered to the same person repeatedly, the results don't differ

Why do people with phobias continue to

avoid the things they fear?

Avoidance is reinforced by anxiety reduction

A main symptom of PTSD in DSM-5 is

_________.

Reexperiencing of the traumatic event.

Jessica spends much of her day counting or saying certain words to herself. When she is not doing this, she is checking to make sure her doors are locked. These symptoms illustrate:

Compulsions

Ryan has diabetes but has no trouble functioning. One day his wife informs him she is leaving him. Ryan suddenly develops paralysis in his legs and can't get out of bed. Ryan isn't faking the symptoms, but the doctors can't find anything wrong with him. Ryan probably could be diagnosed with:

Conversion disorder

Which of the following is most suggestive of

dissociative identity disorder?

Kyla could not recall where she had been or what she had done all day.

Important to understanding somatic symptom disorders is the fact that the affected patients ________

Have no control over their symptoms, but are not trying to intentionally deceive others.

The main difference between a manic and

hypomanic episode is

The amount of social and occupational impairment

Marianna is overweight. For the past year, approximately once a week, she eats packages of sugary snacks all at one time. She doesn't engage in any compensatory behaviors, but she hates that she feels out of control with her eating. Which of the following would be a likely diagnosis?

Binge eating disorder

Which of the following applies to the diagnosis of male hypoactive sexual desire disorder?

Persistently or recurrently deficient (or absent) sexual thoughts or fantasies and desire for sexual activity lasting at least 6 months

A substance use disorder may or may not include features of substance dependence. What are some of the symptoms a person would experience if they did exhibit signs of dependence?

Symptoms of tolerance and/or withdrawal.

Which of the following is an example of a

positive symptom of schizophrenia?

Disorganized thinking and speech

Which of the following is an example of the most common type of hallucination seen in schizophrenia?

Sondra tries to ignore the voices in her head telling her she is stupid.

A friend of yours has just been diagnosed with Schizophrenia. Which route of treatment would you recommend to your friend?

Atypical antipsychotic medication

Personality has commonly been described

according to _______ traits.

5

Luisa is lively and emotional. She has a flashy style of dress in an effort to gain attention from other. Which personality disorder might Luisa have?

Histrionic personality disorder

behavior that is inconsistent with the individual's developmental, cultural, and societal norms and creates emotional distress or interferes with daily functioning.

abnormal

assumes that abnormal behavior results from biological processes of the body, particularly the brain.

biological model

emphasize how environmental factors such as family and cultural factors may influence the development and maintenance of abnormal behavior.

psychological approaches

propose that abnormal behavior must be understood within the context of social and cultural forces, such as gender roles, social class, and interpersonal resources.

sociocultural models

acknowledges that many different factors probably contribute to the development of abnormal behavior and that different factors may be important for different people.

biopsychosocial model

B.F. Skinner explained how behaviors could be acquired or changed by reinforcement, a process known as: (behavioral approach)

operant conditioning

proposes that abnormal behavior is a result of distorted cognitive (mental processes), not internal forces or external events.

the cognitive model

internal mental elements exert an influence on behavior

psychodynamic perspective

experimental group

the group of individuals in a controlled group design who experience the independent variable.

control group

the comparison group for an experimental study in which the variable to be studied is absent.

independent variable

the variable in a controlled experiment that the experimenter controls.

dependent variable

the variable in a controlled experiment that is assessed to determine the effect of the independent variable

random assignment

the most critical feature of a randomized controlled design in which each participant has an equal probability of being assigned to each experimental or control condition.

clinical assessment

involves a series of steps designed to gather information (or data) about a person and his or her environment in order to make decisions about the nature, status, and treatment of psychological problems.

reliability

the extent in which a psychological assessment instrument produces consistent results each time it is given.