Molecular Structure and Bonding Models

This set of flashcards covers various chemical compounds, molecular structures, chemical bonding types, and key concepts related to molecular geometry, designed to aid in the understanding of chemistry concepts.

Calcium carbonate

Chemical compound with the formula CaCO3, molar mass 100.09 g/mol.

Cobalt (III) sulfate

Chemical compound with the formula Co2(SO4)3, molar mass 406.04 g/mol.

Iron (II) chloride

Chemical compound with the formula FeCl2, molar mass 126.48 g/mol.

Ammonium nitrate

Chemical compound with the formula NH4NO3, molar mass 80.06 g/mol.

Magnesium bromide

Chemical compound with the formula MgBr2, molar mass 184.11 g/mol.

Water

Chemical compound with the formula H2O, molar mass 18.02 g/mol.

Potassium hydroxide

Chemical compound with the formula KOH, molar mass 56.11 g/mol.

Silver hydrogen phosphate

Chemical compound with the formula Ag2HPO4, molar mass 311.72 g/mol.

Hydrofluoric acid

Aqueous chemical compound with the formula HF, molar mass 20.01 g/mol.

Diphosphorous pentachloride

Chemical compound with the formula P2Cl5, molar mass 239.19 g/mol.

Aluminum acetate

Chemical compound with the formula Al(C2H3O2)3, molar mass 204.13 g/mol.

Nitric acid

Aqueous chemical compound with the formula HNO3, molar mass 63.02 g/mol.

Carbon monoxide

Chemical compound with the formula CO, molar mass 28.01 g/mol.

Dinitrogen tetroxide

Chemical compound with the formula N2O4.

Nickel (II) sulfate

Chemical compound with the formula NiSO4.

Sulfur hexafluoride

Chemical compound with the formula SF6.

Perchloric acid

Aqueous chemical compound with the formula HClO4.

Nitrogen trioxide

Chemical compound with the formula NO3.

Hydrogen cyanide

Chemical compound with the formula HCN.

Ammonia

Chemical compound with the formula NH3.

Sodium dihydrogen phosphate

Chemical compound with the formula NaH2PO4.

Sulfurous acid

Aqueous chemical compound with the formula H2SO3.

Iron (III) oxide

Chemical compound with the formula Fe2O3.

Acetic acid

Aqueous chemical compound with the formula HC2H3O2.

Lead perchlorate

Chemical compound with the formula Pb(ClO4)2.

Carbon dioxide

Chemical compound with the formula CO2.

VSEPR Model

Valence Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion Model used to predict 3D geometries of molecules.

Bond angle

The angle between two bonds originating from the same atom.

Electron pairs

Pairs of electrons, which can be bonding or lone, that determine molecular shape.

Trigonal Planar

A molecular shape with 3 electron pairs around a central atom, bond angles of 120°.

Tetrahedral

A molecular shape with 4 electron pairs around a central atom, bond angles of 109.5°.

Octahedral

A molecular shape with 6 electron pairs around a central atom, bond angles of 90°.

Covalent bond

A bond formed when atoms share electrons.

Ionic bond

A bond formed when one atom transfers electrons to another, creating charged ions.

Bond energy

The energy required to break a chemical bond.

Electronegativity

The ability of an atom to attract shared electrons in a bond.

Hydrogen Molecule (H2)

Molecule formed by the covalent bond of two hydrogen atoms.

Bond length

The distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms at which the potential energy is minimized.