Langauge Acq- Exam 1

Feedback

information provided by the receiver to the sender

lingtuistic feedback

speaking, sign langauge

non-linguistic feedback

eye contact, facial expression, posture, proximity, gestures

paralinguistic feedback

pitch,loudness and pausing

verbal communication

what we communicate with words

non-verbal communication

what we communicate with our face, body movement, body position or vocal characteristcis

Speech and Language are ____ the same

note

speech and language are consdiered

seperate but related processes

speech defined

the motor process used to produce speech sounds

langauge is ( simply)

a multimodal linguistic code that involved encoding and decoding

Language defined

a socially shared code that uses a conventional system of arbitrary symbols to represent ideas about the world that are meaningful to others who know the same code

morphemes

smallest units of language that carry meaning; combined to create words

phonemes

the smallest contrastive unit in the sound system of language

Displacement defiend

alllowing us to talk about past and future events. The code does not represent reality itself but it relates to a cognitive organization of the world

competence

knowledge of the rules of a language

preformance can be

measured

only through ___ can we determine ___

preformance, competence

what are the 3 domains of langauge?

form, content and use

Form includes

phonology, morphology and syntax

use is aka

pragmatics

content is aka

semantics

pragmatics defined

the rules for how we use langauge for social purposes; knowing waht to say, when to say it and how to say it

morphology defined

rules for “internal organization of words”; study the strucutre of words

morpheme

the smallest unit of langauge that contains meaning

phonology defined

rules of language that have to do with what sounds are used to make syllables and words; each language has it’s own phonology

syntax defined

rules of language regarding organization of phrases and scentences

semantics defined

rules of language relating to the meaning of words and combinations of words; some words have many meanings, some have only one

4 systems of speech are

respiratoin, phonatoin, resonation and articulation

respiration

breath support used for creating sounds/ voice

phonation

creating voice/ sounds

resonatoin

shaping sounds ( vocal characteristics)

articulatoin

shaping sounds ( individual speech sounds)

Hearing/ audition

perceptoin of sound; the sensory system that allows speech to enter into and be processed by the human brain

the speech chain starts with

the speakers brain

speech chain step 2

the message is put into language form

speech chain step 3

neural impulses are sent to the speech mechanism, trigegring speech movements

speech chain step 4

the movemenets of the speech mechanism produces disturbances in the air called sound waves

speech chain step 5

sound waves are recieved by the listener’s hearing mechanism

speech chain step 6

acoustic patterns are transfomed into neural patterns of the speakers message

you can have good speech with

imparied langauge

you can have imparied speech with

excellent language

Hearing is essential to both

reception and comprehension of spoken language