17.3: Interaction Between Genes - Epistasis

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4 Terms

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Epistasis

A phenomenon where different genes at different locations interact and influence phenotypes.

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Recessive Epistasis

A form of epistasis where a homozygous recessive allele of one gene masks the effect of another gene = results in a dihybrid cross ratio of 9:3:4, where two of the four typical phenotypic classes are combined. 

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TYRP1 (Tyrosinase-related protein 1)

A gene where the dominant variant (RR or Rr) causes black fur in rabbits, while recessive (rr) causes brown fur.

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Rabbit example

white = tt (recessive mutant of tyrosine), coloured coat = TT

  • type of colour partly established by TYRP1 = dominant (RR/Rr) causes black fur and recessive (rr) causes brown

  • when heterozygous for both (Tt; Rr) they appear black

  • recessive tyrosine (tt; RR, tt; Rr, tt; rr) causes white fur regardless of TYRP1 since recessive tyrosine masks brown or white fur

  • tyrosine is example of recessive epistasis