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Simple passive diffusion
Molecules normally move from areas of high to low concentration; does not require input of chemical energy
Active diffusion
Goes against the gradient of low concentration to high concentration; requires a carrier protein and energy
Selective permeability
A property of a plasma membrane that allows some substances to cross more easily than others
Osmosis
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Tonicity
The ability of a solution surrounding a cell to cause that cell to gain or lose water; relationship between concentrations of solute on either side of a membrane
Hypotonic
Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution
Hypertonic
Having a higher concentration of solute than another solution
Isotonic
Having the same solute concentration as another solution
Cytolysis
The bursting of a cell
Turgor pressure
The pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall
Plasmolysis
Collapse of a plant cell’s cytoplasm due to a lack of water
Dialysis
Movement of a solute through a selectively permeable membrane
Solution that egg was submerged in
Independent variable of egg lab
Percent change in the mass of the egg
Dependent variable of egg lab
Environment, vinegar, time in each solution
Fixed variables of egg lab
Osmoregulation
Regulation of solute concentrations and water balance by a cell or organism
Solute potential
A component of water potential that is proportional to the number of dissolved solute molecules in a solution and measures the effect of solutes on the direction of water movement; also called osmotic potential, it can be either zero or negative.
Pressure potential
This measurement has a minimum value of 0 (when the solution is open to the environment); it increases as pressure increases
Benedict's test
Test for glucose
Iodine, water
Diffusion lab: Which substance(s) entered the bag?
Glucose, water
Diffusion lab: Which substance(s) exited the bag?
Water, iodine, glucose, membrane pores, starch
Rank the size of the molecules from smallest to biggest: glucose, water, iodine, membrane pores, and starch