Histology/Integumentary System

What are the 4 main types of body tissues?

• Epithelial

• Connective

• Muscle

• Nervous

Difference between simple and stratified epithelial tissue?

Simple has one layer of cells; stratified has multiple layers.

Function of cuboidal epithelium?

Secretion and absorption

Function of squamous epithelium?

Diffusion and filtration

Function of columnar epithelium?

Absorption and secretion

Function of pseudostratified epithelium?

Secretion and movement of mucus

Function of transitional epithelium?

Stretching and protection (found in bladder)

What is the free surface of epithelial tissue?

The surface exposed to the outside or to an open internal space

What is the basement membrane?

A thin layer that anchors epithelial tissue to underlying tissues

What are goblet cells?

Mucus-secreting cells found in columnar epithelium

What is the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

Exocrine glands have ducts and secrete to surfaces; endocrine glands secrete hormones into the blood

What are the 3 types of exocrine glands by secretion method?

• Merocrine (no damage)

• Apocrine (partial cell loss)

• Holocrine (cell bursts)

Components of connective tissue?

Cell body, ground substance, and protein fibers (collagen and elastin)

What do chondrocytes produce?

Cartilage

What do osteocytes maintain?

Bone tissue

What are fibrocytes responsible for?

Producing connective tissue proper

What are the 4 types of connective tissue?

• Connective tissue proper

• Cartilage

• Bone

• Blood

What are the 3 layers of the skin?

• Epidermis

• Dermis

• Hypodermis

Layers of the epidermis (superficial to deep)?

• Stratum corneum

• Stratum granulosum

• Stratum spinosum

What is the function of melanocytes?

Produce melanin to protect against UV radiation

What dermal papillae?

Ridges in the dermis that increase surface area and strengthen the connection between dermis and epidermis

Parts of the nail anatomy?

• Nail root

• Nail bed

• Nail plate

• Cuticle

• Lunula