1/42
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
---|
No study sessions yet.
organic molecules
Contain carbon and hydrogen (ex. Carbs, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids)
Inorganic molecules
Do not contain both carbon and hydrogen
(ex. CO2, H2, O2)
Monosaccharides
Monomer of Carbs (Ex. Glucose, Fructose, Galactose)
Dissacharides
Carbs that are made of two monosaccharides (ex. Sucrose, Lactose, Maltose)
Polysaccharides
Polymers of Carbohydrates that are made up of more than 2 monosaccharides (Ex. Starch, cellulose, chitin, glycogen)
Amino acid
Monomer of proteins, 20 different types
Dipeptide
Two amino acids bonded together
Peptide bond
Covalent bond formed between amino acids
R group
Part of an amino acid that changes
glycerol
One of the building blocks of lipids. Combines with fatty acids
fatty acids
One of the building blocks of lipids. Combines with glycerol
nucleotide
monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
nucleic acid
polymer of nucleotides (ex. DNA RNA)
Atoms in Carbs
C, H, O (2:1 ratio of H to O)
Atoms in Lipids
C, H, O (more Cs and Hs)
Atoms in Proteins
C, H, O, N and sometimes S
Atoms in Nucleic Acids
C, H, O, N, and P
Dehydration synthesis
A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.
WATER IS A PRODUCT
BUILDS BIGGER MOLECULE
Hydrolysis
a chemical reaction in which water reacts with a compound to produce other compounds
WATER IS A REACTANT
BREAKS DOWN BIG MOLECULE
Carbohydrates (FUNCTIONS)
quick energy, storage, and structure
Proteins (FUNCTIONS)
membranes, storage, movement, catalyst, transport, immunity, receptor
Lipid (FUNCTIONS)
long term energy, insulation, protection, water loss, membranes, hormones
Nucleic Acid (FUNCTION)
Information carrying molecules, involved in heredity
DNA (differences from RNA)
Shape: Double helix
Strands: Two
Nitrogen Base: Thymine
Location: Nucleus
RNA (differences from DNA)
Shape: Single strand
Nitrogen base: Uracil
Location: Cytoplasm and Nucleus
DNA/RNA similarities
Made of nucleotides
Contain A, C, G nitrogen bases
Monosaccharides