Emotions, Mental Health, and Psychotherapy-Exam4

Humanistic Psychology

Focuses on human potential and personal growth.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Theory categorizing human needs from basic to self-actualization.

Self-actualization

Realizing personal potential and seeking personal growth.

Esteem Needs

Desire for respect, self-esteem, and recognition.

Belongingness

Need for social connections and love.

Physiological Needs

Basic survival requirements like food and shelter.

Safety Needs

Desire for security and protection from harm.

Temperament

Innate response style to environmental situations.

Affect

Raw, unprocessed emotional responses.

Emotion

Physiological arousal, conscious feelings, and expressive behaviors.

Yerkes-Dodson Law

Performance is affected by arousal level; optimal varies by task.

Emotional Intelligence (EQ)

Ability to recognize and manage one's own emotions.

Facial Expression

Key method for conveying emotions non-verbally.

Duchenne Smile

Genuine smile involving 17 facial muscles.

Pan-American Smile

Social smile not involving genuine emotion.

Happiness

Basic emotion linked to positive behaviors and well-being.

Subjective Well-Being

Self-reported assessment of life satisfaction and happiness.

Adaptation-Level Phenomenon

Tendency to adjust to new circumstances, affecting satisfaction.

Relative Deprivation

Feeling worse off compared to others.

Stress

Process of responding to perceived threats or challenges.

Coping Styles

Methods used to manage stress and its effects.

Psychosomatic Illness

Physical symptoms caused by psychological factors.

Internal Locus of Control

Belief that one controls their own life outcomes.

Aerobic exercise

Physical activity improving cardiovascular health and mood.

Relaxation/Meditation

Techniques to reduce stress and enhance mental clarity.

Positive Psychology

Study of strengths that enable individuals to thrive.

Clinical Psychology

Field focused on mental health and psychological disorders.

Mental Illness

Condition affecting thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.

Psychological Disorder

Persistently harmful thoughts or behaviors disrupting life.

Psychopathology

Study of mental disorders and their symptoms.

Deviant Behavior

Actions outside the typical range of societal norms.

Distressful Symptoms

Experiences causing significant discomfort to the individual.

Dysfunctional Behavior

Actions preventing healthy living and daily functioning.

Spectrum of Disorders

Range of symptoms varying in severity and impact.

Physical Symptoms

Bodily manifestations like fatigue and muscle pain.

Cognitive Symptoms

Mental disturbances like irrational fears or obsessions.

Emotional Symptoms

Feelings of hopelessness and despair in individuals.

De-institutionalization

Shift from hospitals to community mental health care.

Outpatient Services

Mental health care provided without overnight hospitalization.

Department of Mental Health

State agency overseeing mental health services.

DSM-VR

Diagnostic manual for mental disorders and conditions.

Medical Model

View that mental illness stems from biological factors.

Hospitalization

Inpatient treatment for severe mental health issues.

Community Mental Health

Support systems for mental health outside institutions.

Biopsychosocial approach

Interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors.

Nature and nurture

Influences of genetics and environment on behavior.

Mind-body connection

Mental and physical health are interconnected.

Pathologizing labels

Avoiding terms that stigmatize mental health conditions.

Humanistic treatment

Focus on self-directed, personal growth therapies.

DSM-VR

Diagnostic manual for mental health disorders.

American Psychiatric Association

Organization that developed the DSM in 1950s.

Gold standard

Widely accepted benchmark for diagnosis.

Diagnostic criteria

Standards for identifying mental health disorders.

Axes 1-5

Old DSM classification system for disorders.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Category for disorders affecting brain development.

Mood Disorders

Group of disorders affecting emotional state.

WHO ICD-11

International classification for disease coding.

Subjective interpretation

Clinician's personal judgment in diagnosing disorders.

Prevalence of mental illness

26% of Americans have diagnosable disorders.

Anxiety Disorder prevalence

18% of Americans experience anxiety disorders.

Comorbidity

Co-occurrence of multiple mental health disorders.

Bipolar Disorder

Mood disorder with manic and depressive episodes.

Dysthymia

Chronic, less severe form of depression.

Panic Disorder

Intense episodes of fear and anxiety.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Recurrent obsessions and compulsive behaviors.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Anxiety following traumatic events.

Behavior Therapy

Modifying behavior through reinforcement techniques.

Humanistic Therapy

Focus on personal growth and self-actualization.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

Theory of human motivation and self-fulfillment.

Person-Centered Therapy

Therapy focused on the client's perspective.

Unconditional Positive Regard

Acceptance without conditions in therapy.

Active Listening

Fully concentrating on the speaker's message.

Non-Directive Approach

Therapist allows clients to lead discussions.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Therapy linking thoughts, behaviors, and events.

Aaron Beck

Psychologist who developed cognitive therapy principles.

Stress Inoculation Training

Practicing scenarios to manage stress responses.

Thought Record

Journaling to identify harmful thought patterns.

Mind-Body Connection

Link between mental and physical health.

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)

Therapy for trauma using guided eye movements.

Tele-Mental Health

Remote therapy using technology for access.

Art Therapy

Using creative processes for emotional healing.

Music Therapy

Using music to address psychological needs.

Adventure Therapy

Therapeutic activities in outdoor settings.

Service Animals

Animals providing emotional support to individuals.

Nutrition and Mental Health

Connection between diet and psychological well-being.

Cognitive Distortions

Faulty thinking patterns affecting behavior.

DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy)

CBT variant focusing on emotional regulation.

CPT (Cognitive Processing Therapy)

CBT variant for trauma and PTSD.

Empirical Evidence in Therapy

Research findings validating therapeutic practices.

Reflecting Feelings

Therapist mirrors client's emotions for clarity.