Centaur Complete Review

what tests do we run for HAV?

HAVM; HAVT

what test will reflex if HAVT is reactive?

HAVM

a reactive HAVM is automatically reported to public health. true or false?

true

is there a vaccine against HAV?

yes

is HAVM is reactive, what test should be performed next?

HAVT

if HAVM comes out reactive and you follow up with HAVT and it is reactive again, do you report it as “reactive” or seek an alternative HAVM method?

report as reactive

if HAVM comes out reactive and you follow up with HAVT and it is now nonreactive, do you report it as “reactive” or seek an alternative HAVM method?

seek an alternative HAVM method

we run HCV antigen. true or false?

false

everyone older than 50 years of age should be tested for ____ once.

HCV

reactive HCV antibodies do not have to mean you currently are infected. true or false

true

an index of ____ is nonreactive for HCV.

<1.0

an index of ____ is equivocal for HCV AND must be sent out to ARUP for a HCVRNA confirmation test.

1.0-11.0

an index of ____ is reactive for HCV with 99% certainty by a CDC study.

>11.0

if an HCV index value is >11.0, do you need confirmation testing?

no

if HBcAb (Total) is reactive, what test will reflex?

HBsAb IgM

HBV vaccine will not make HBcAb reactive. true or false?

true

all L&D patients are STAT whether or not they are ordered officially as STAT. true or false?

true

what tests are included in an acute hepatitis panel?

HBsAg, HBcM, HAVM, HCVT

can you report a reactive HBcM before running a HBcT?

no

the following symptoms are associated with ____:

• hepatomegaly

• jaundice

• dark urine

• fatigue

• GI distress

acute HAV

transmission route for HAV:

fecal oral

transmission route for HBV:

parenteral

blood

sexually

needles

perinatal

direct contact with open wounds

transmission route for HCV:

parenteral

blood transfusion

needles

nosocomial

the following symptoms are associated with ____:

• malaise

• fever

• gastroenteritis

• icterus

acute HBV

the following symptoms are associated with ____:

• hepatocellular carcinoma

• cirrhosis

chronic HBV

the following symptoms are associated with ____:

• cirrhosis

• liver failure

• hepatocellular carcinoma

• cholangiocarcinoma

chronic HCV

healthcare, childcare, and restaurant workers are at risk of being infected with:

HAV

people who live in areas with poor sanitations are at risk of being infected with:

HAV

HIV patients, renal dialysis patients, and intravenous drug abusers are at risk of being infected with:

HBV; HCV

pregnant women are at risk of being infected with:

HBV

individuals undergoing organ transplants are at risk of being infected with:

HCV

is there a vaccine for HBV?

yes

is there a vaccine for HCV?

no

what do you expect the results for HAVT and HAVM to be for a patient with no laboratory evidence of recent or remote HAV?

HAVT: negative

HAVM: negative (not possible)

what do you expect the results for HAVT and HAVM to be for a patient with compatible with remote HAV or can be due to vaccination?

HAVT: positive

HAVM: negative

what do you expect the results for HAVT and HAVM to be for a patient with compatible with recent or active HAV or can be due to vaccination?

HAVT: positive

HAVM: positive

what do you expect the results for the following tests for a patient with ____.

• HBsAg: negative

• HBsAb: negative

• HBcT: negative

• HBcM: negative (not possible)

• Conf: negative (not possible)

no laboratory evidence of HBV

what do you expect the results for the following tests for a patient with ____.

• HBsAg: negative

• HBsAb: positive

• HBcT: positive

• HBcM: negative

• Conf: negative (not possible)

probable remote HBV

what do you expect the results for the following tests for a patient with ____.

• HBsAg: negative

• HBsAb: negative

• HBcT: positive

• HBcM: negative

• Conf: negative (not possible)

probable remote HBV (repeat in 3 months)

what do you expect the results for the following tests for a patient with ____.

• HBsAg: negative

• HBsAb: negative

• HBcT: positive

• HBcM: positive

• Conf: negative (not possible)

active HBV

what do you expect the results for the following tests for a patient with ____.

• HBsAg: negative

• HBsAb: positive

• HBcT: positive

• HBcM: positive

• Conf: negative (not possible)

resolving HBV

what do you expect the results for the following tests for a patient with ____.

• HBsAg: positive

• HBsAb: negative

• HBcT: positive

• HBcM: positive

• Conf: positive

active HBV

what do you expect the results for the following tests for a patient with ____.

• HBsAg: negative

• HBsAb: positive

• HBcT: positive

• HBcM: positive

• Conf: negative (not possible)

resolving HBV

what do you expect the results for the following tests for a patient with ____.

• HBsAg: positive

• HBsAb: negative

• HBcT: positive

• HBcM: negative

• Conf: positive

resolving HBV or carrier

what do you expect the results for the following tests for a patient with ____.

• HBsAg: negative

• HBsAb: positive

• HBcT: negative

• HBcM: negative (not possible)

• Conf: negative (not possible)

HBV vaccination

ovarian cancer tumor marker:

CA 125

breast cancer tumor marker:

CA 15 3

pancreatic cancer tumor marker:

CA 19 9

elevated serum ____ levels in hepatocellular cancer, malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary and testis, and tetracarcinoma of the testis.

AFP

testicular cancer tumor marker:

AFP

IgG; specific marker for rheumatoid arthritis:

aCCP

a value of ____ for HAVM is nonreactive.

<0.8

a value of ____ for HAVM is equivocal.

between 0.8 and 1.20

a value of ____ for HAVM is reactive.

>1.20

a value of ____ for HAVT is nonreactive.

<1.0

a value of ____ for HAVT is reactive.

>1.0

a value of ____ for HBcM is nonreactive.

<0.8

a value of ____ for HBcM is equivocal.

between 0.8 and 1.0

a value of ____ for HBcM is reactive.

>1.0

____ has been shown to increase the Index Value in some HBcM reactive sample.

heparin

used to predict survival in patients after myocardial infarction and assessment of heart failure severity in patients diagnosed with congestive heart failure:

BNP

heart is unable to pump blood at a rate sufficient for metabolic requirements:

heart failure

increased levels of ____ are produced mainly in response to left ventricular wall stretch and volume overload.

BNP

 causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS):

HIV

major androgen in males and is controlled by luteinizing hormone (LH):

testosterone

stimulates adult maturation of external genitalia and secondary sex organs and growth of beard, axillary and pubic hair:

testosterone

glycoprotein, synthesized by the liver, which binds testosterone and 5-dihydro-testosterone with high affinity, and estradiol with somewhat lower affinity:

SHBG

hormone that originates from direct thyroid synthesis and secretion:

T3

secreted into circulation in response to the pituitary hormone thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH):

T3

triiodothyronine refers to:

T3

good indicator of the ability of the thyroid to respond to both stimulatory and suppressive tests:

T3

primary glucocorticoid hormone synthesized and secreted by the adrenal cortex:

cortisol

essential for life, regulating carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism, maintaining normal blood pressure, and inhibiting allergic and inflammatory reactions: 

cortisol

the most important endocrine regulator of circulating calcium and phosphorus concentrations:

PTH

stimulates osteoclastic bone resorption and transcellular calcium reabsorption from the renal tubules:

PTH

indirectly stimulates ionized calcium absorption in the small intestine by stimulating synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in the kidney:

PTH

assists in differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia:

PTH

half-life of PTH is about ____ minutes.

3

steroid hormone involved in the intestinal absorption of calcium and regulation of calcium homeostasis:

vitamin D