Amsco AP World 6.6-6.7

Indentured Servants

People who work for an agreed amount of time before they are free, often as a way to pay for passage to new opportunities or to pay off debt.

Devil’s Island

A penal colony of France known for its terrible treatment of convicts, operational until 1953.

Emigrate/Immigrate

Emigrate means to leave a country; immigrate means to enter a country.

Great Famine

A period from 1845 to 1849 when potato crops were destroyed in Ireland, leading to the emigration of 3 million people.

Colonial Service

The British governing service responsible for administration in the colonies.

Colonization Society

A society in Japan aimed at exporting its surplus population and commercial goods, successful in sending people to Peru.

Remittances

Funds sent back home by male migrants from their foreign earnings, which can reduce the need for women's labor.

Ethnic Enclaves

Neighborhoods or clusters where immigrants from the same country form communities, maintaining cultural traditions.

Mohandas Gandhi

An Indian civil rights activist who faced discrimination in South Africa and became a leader in the Indian Nationalist movement.

Kangani System

An indentured labor system where entire families work together on plantations, offering more freedom than traditional servitude.

Argentine Constitution

A constitution that encouraged European immigration and guaranteed civil rights for foreigners, largely impacting Argentine culture.

Chinese Exclusion Act

A law passed in 1882 banning Chinese immigration to the US, initially set for 10 years and made permanent in 1902.

White Australia Policy

A policy aimed at limiting immigration to Australia to British people in order to maintain a 'white' population.

Transnational Migration

Migration that crosses national boundaries and involves the maintenance of connections between the home country and the new country.

Diaspora

The dispersion of a group of people from their original homeland, often maintaining cultural connections and activities.

Push and Pull Factors

Push factors compel individuals to leave their home country, while pull factors attract them to a new destination.

Chain Migration

A process where immigrants from a particular area follow others from the same area to a new location.

Guest Workers

Temporary labor migrants who are invited to work in a host country for a limited duration.

Remittance Economy

An economic system reliant on remittances, often bolstered by migrant workers sending money back home.

Refugee Crisis

A humanitarian situation where a large number of people are forced to flee their home country due to conflict or