Ch. 1 Introduction to Pathophysiology(Exam 1)

Pathos meaning?

Suffering Or disease in Greek

Physics meaning?

Nature in Greek

What is pathophysiology?

The study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning

of living things

Pathophysiology includes four interrelated topics?

Etiology

Pathogenesis

Clinical manifestations

Treatment implications

Etiology

Study of causes/reasons for phenomena

Identifies causal factors acting in concert that provoke a particular

disease or injury

Risk factor

A factor that when present increases the likelihood of disease

Idiopathic

Cause is unknown

Iatrogenic

Cause results from unintended or unwanted medical treatment

Etiologic Classification of disease:

Congenital (inborn) diseases or birth defects

Degenerative diseases

Immunologic diseases

Infectious diseases

Inherited diseases

Metabolic diseases

Neoplastic diseases

Nutritional deficiency diseases

Physical agent-induced diseases

Psychogenic diseases

Pathogenesis

Development or evolution of disease, from initial

stimulus to ultimate expression of manifestations of

the disease

Types of Clinical Manifestation

Symptoms

Signs

Syndrome

Symptoms

subjective feeling of abnormality in the body

Signs

objective or observed manifestation of disease

Syndrome

a set of signs and symptoms not yet determined to

delineate a disease

Latent Period

time between exposure of tissue to injurious agent and first

appearance of signs and/or symptoms

a period during an illness when signs/symptoms temporarily

become mild or silent or disappear

Prodromal period

time during which first signs and/or symptoms appear

indicating onset of disease

Acute phase

disease/illness reaches its full intensity

Convalescence

stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical procedure

Acute clinical course

short-lived; may have severe manifestation

Chronic clinical course

may last months to years, sometimes following

an acute course

Exacerbation

increase in severity, signs, or symptoms

Remission

decrease in severity, signs, or symptoms;

may indicate disease is cured

Sequela

subsequent pathologic condition resulting from an acute

illness

Complication

Secondary pathologic condition produced by the original

problem