BCH4053 Krebs and TCA Step by Step Enzymes

Hexokinase, Phosphoglucoisomerase, Phosphofructokinase-1, Fructose biphosphate aldolase, Triose phosphate isomerase, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, Phosphoglycerate kinase, Phosphoglycerate mutase, Enolase, Pyruvate Kinase

The Order of Glycolysis Enzymes

Hexokinase, glucose and ATP to glucose-6-phosphate and ADP, irreversible, inhibited by glucose-6-phosphate allosterically

Step 1 of Glycolysis

Phosphoglucoisomerase, glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate, reversible

Step 2 of Glycolysis

Phosphofructokinase-1, fructose-6-phosphate and ATP to fructose-1,6-biphosphate and ADP, irreversible, inhibited by ATP and citrate, activated by AMP and fructose-2,6-biphosphate

Step 3 of Glycolysis

Fructose bisphosphate aldolase, fructose-1,6-biphosphate to dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, reversible

Step 4 of Glycolysis

Triose phosphate isomerase, dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, reversible

Step 5 of Glycolysis

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, 2 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and 2 NAD+ to 2 1,3-biphosphoglycerate, 2 NADH and 2 H+, reversible

Step 6 of Glycolysis

Phosphoglycerate kinase, 2 1,3-biphosphoglycerate and 2 ADP to 2 3-phosphoglycerate and 2 ATP, reversible

Step 7 of Glycolysis

Phosphoglycerate mutase, 2 3-phosphoglycerate to 2 2-phosphoglycerate, reversible

Step 8 of Glycolysis

Enolase, 2 2-phosphoglycerate to 2 phosphoenolpyruvate, reversible

Step 9 of Glycolysis

Pyruvate Kinase, 2 phosphoenolpyruvate and 2 ADP to 2 pyruvate and 2 ATP, irreversible, inhibited by ATP and Acetyl-CoA, activated by fructose-1,6-biphosphate and AMP

Step 10 of Glycolysis

Citrate synthase, Aconitase, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase, alpha-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, Succinyl-CoA synthetase, Succinate dehydrogenase, Fumarase, Malate dehydrogenase

The Order of TCA Enzymes

Pyruvate dehydrogenase, pyruvate and NAD+ to Acetyl CoA, CO2, and NADH, inhibited by ATP, NADH, and Acetyl-CoA, activated by NAD+ and CoA

Step 0 of TCA

Citrate synthase, Acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to citrate, irreversible, inhibited by ATP, NADH, and Succinyl-CoA

Step 1 of TCA

Aconitase, Citrate to cis-aconitate to isocitrate, reversible, inhibited by Fluorocitrate, activated by iron-sulfur cluster

Step 2 of TCA

Isocitrate dehydrogenase, isocitrate, H2O and NAD+ to alpha-ketoglutarate, CO2, and NADH, irreversible, inhibited by ATP and NADH, activated by ADP and NAD+

Step 3 of TCA

Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, alpha-ketoglutarate, H2O, and NAD+ to Succinyl-CoA, CO2, and NADH, irreversible, inhibited by NADH and Succinyl-CoA, activated by AMP

Step 4 of TCA

Succinyl-CoA synthetase, Succinyl-CoA and ADP/GDP to succinate and ATP/GTP, reversible

Step 5 of TCA

Succinate Dehydrogenase, Succinate and FAD to fumarate and FADH2, reversible,

Step 6 of TCA

Fumarase, Fumarate to L-malate, reversible, inhibited by acetylation and itaconate

Step 7 of TCA

Malate dehydrogenase, L-malate and NAD+ to oxaloacetate and NADH, reversible, inhibited by acetylation

Step 8 of TCA