Introduction to Politics and Governance

Flashcards covering definitions, key figures, and stages of Political Science, as well as modes and characteristics of Good Governance.

Politics

The exercise of power, the science of government, and the making of decisions and collection of decisions.

Governance

The process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented or not implemented.

Political Science

Defined as the systematic study of political and governmental institutions and processes.

Aristotle

Known as the "Father of Political Science," he wrote the book "Politics" and emphasized that the legislator should focus on the education of the youth.

Niccolo Machiavelli

The "Father of Modern Political Science" who wrote "The Prince," a handbook for rulers in the art of government.

Prof. Francis Lieber

The author of "Manual of Political Ethics," a systematic treatise providing a thorough understanding of Political Science.

Teodore M. Kalaw

The first Filipino student of Politics.

Science of Politics

The basic knowledge of understanding the state and its underlying principles, primarily concerned with human beings as a "political body."

Corporate Governance

The process of managing business, corporations, and private organizations to ensure transparency, accountability, and fairness.

International Governance

The cooperation of different countries and international organizations in addressing global issues and maintaining peace, order, and development.

National Governance

The way the National Government manages the affairs of the entire country through laws, policies, and public services.

Local Governance

The process by which Local Government Units (LGU) such as provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays manage and serve their community.

Religious Stage

A stage in the study of political science where the government, its leaders, and laws were considered divine or divinely inspired.

Metaphysical Stage

A stage where the state is considered to be a human-made institution that is absolute and cannot be changed.

Modern Stage

A stage where the state is deemed capable of being improved by its rulers and subjects according to its principles and laws.

Participation

An aspect of good governance where both men and women partake directly or indirectly in every governmental process.

Rule of Law

The requirement that laws must be fair and applied equally while protecting human rights, dignity, and minority groups.

Transparency

The practice of following rules and regulations in decision-making and enforcement, ensuring information is freely available and accessible.

Responsiveness

A characteristic of good governance requiring that institutions and processes try to serve all stakeholders within a reasonable timeframe.

Consensus-Oriented

A requirement for good governance that involves the mediation of different interests within the community to reach an agreement.

Effectiveness and Efficiency

The production of results that meet the needs of society while making the best use of available resources.

Accountability

A requirement where governmental institutions, the private sector, and civil society organizations are answerable to the public and their stakeholders.