Physical Pharmacy Manor (3)

The simplest of solutions

a. gas in gas b. liquid in liquid

b. solid in liquid d. gas in liquid

A

Colligative properties depend upon the

a. size of the particles in solution c. type of particle in solution

b. pH of the solution d. number of particles in solution

D

The vapor pressure of a liquid

a. decreases with an increase in temperature

b. equals atmospheric pressure at liquid's boiling point

c. is independent of temperature

d. increases when a solute is added to the liquid

B

Of the colligative properties, this has the greatest importance in pharmaceutical practice

a. boiling point c. vapor pressure

b. freezing point d. osmotic pressure

D

This is the number of solute in 100 grams of the solution

a. percent by weight c. molarity

b. molality d. normality

A

A 20% solution by weight has

a. 20 g of solute and 80 g of solvent

b. 20 g solute and 100 g of solvent

c. 20 g of solute and 100 ml of solvent

d. NOTA

A

The other term for boiling

a. ebullition c. distillation

b. evaporation d. sublimation

A

One part of the solute dissolving in 1-10 parts of solvent is

a. soluble c. freely soluble

b. very soluble d. insoluble

C

This is used in separating highly viscous mixtures.

a. centrifugation c. distillation

b. filtration d. NOTA

A

The process by which finely divided solids and colloidal materials are separated from liquids without the use of filter is

a. clarification c. centrifugation

b. sedimentation d. NOTA

A

In colloidal dispersion, the dispersed system is called

a. dispersion medium c. internal phase

b. vehicle d. external phase

C

Freeze drying is called

a. stabilization c. lyophilization

b. vacuum freezing d. solubilization

B

The degradation reaction of aspirin involves:

a. epimerization c. isomerization

b. hydrolysis d. oxidation

B

It refers to the time required for 50% of the drug to be decomposed

a. expiration date c. shelf life

b. half life d. N OTA

B

A naturally occurring chelate involved in life processes:

a. chlorophyll c. Polymer

b. Carboxymethylcellulose d. Povidone

A

The half life equation for a first order reaction is

a. a/2k c. 0.693/k

b. 1/ak d. a/ak

C

The boundary between two phases is termed as:

a. interface c. both a and b

b. surface d. NOTA

A

The principles of solid-liquid adsorption are utilized in the ff. processes. Except;

a. adsorption chromatography c. detergency

b. foaming d. wetting

B

Compounds/mixtures of compounds that by their presence in solution, resist changes in pH;

a. organic compounds c. inorganic compound

b. buffers d. NOTA

B

An example of buffer pair:

a. Boric acid- sodium borate c. Hydrochloric acid-sodium chloride

b. Na hydroxide- Ammonium chloride d. any of the above

A

Atoms of the same element having the same atomic number but different mass number;

a. isotope c. protons

b. molecules d. electrons

A

The unit of surface tension is

a. poise c. dyne/cm

b. calorie d. joule

C

PV=nRT is the mathematical expression for:

a. Boyles Law c. Claussius Clapeyron equation

b. Charles' Law d. Ideal Gas Law

D

The properties of matter are usually expressed by the use of the ff quantities, except;

a. length c. density

b. mass d. time

C

The standard of mass is;

a. kilogram c. density

b. pounds d. specific

A

When a gas is cooled, it loses some of its kinetic energy in the form of heat, the velocity of the molecules;

\ a. increases c. decreases

b. not changed d. a and c

C

Specific gravity is the ratio of the;

a. density of the substance to that of alcohol

b. density of an oil to that of a substance

c. density of a substance to that of water

d. a and b

C

As to phase equilibrium, a system containing water and its vapor is considered as:

a. one phase system, c. three phase system

b. two phase system d. a and c

B

The physical properties of a solution/substance may be classified

a. colligative c. constitutive

b. additive d. compositive

D

A mixture of two or more components that form a homogeneous molecular dispersion forming a one phase system is:

a. true solution c. colloidal dispersion

b. coarse dispersion d. a and c

A

Substances that do not yield ions when dissolved in water and not conduct electric current through the solutions are;

a. electrolytes c. non electrolytes

b. solutes d. solvents

C

The temperature at which a pure liquid and solid exist in equilibrium is:

a. freezing point c. melting point

b. boiling point d. a and c

D

Interfacial phenomena in pharmacy and medicine are significant factors that affect the ff processes, except:

a. adsorption of drugs onto solid adjuncts

b. penetration of molecules through biologic medium

c. penetration of aqueous solution

d. emulsion formulation and formulation stability

C

Common method of determining particle size is, except

a. microscopy c. precipitation

b. sieving d. sedimentation

C

Rheology involves the study of:

a. description of the flow of liquids c. a and b

b. deformation of solids d. description of physical property of a substance

C

Body Fluid/s with freezing point of -0.52ºC is:

a. human blood c. saliva

b. lachrymal fluid d. a and b

D

Phenomenon applied to adsorption at solid surfaces is;

a. wetting property c. foaming property

b. detergency d. a and b

D

Resistance of a liquid to flow is:

a. viscosity c. suspendability

b. fluidity d. b and c

A

The science and technology of small particles

a. micromeritics c. microbiology

b. micronization d. microfiltration

A

Most effective means of sterilization at low temperature is;

a. dry heat c. tyndallization

b. moist heat d. inspissation

B

Volume occupied by the powder itself using a cylinder is;

a. void volume c. powder density

b. bulk volume d. true volume

B

Science which deals with the study of the relationship between heat and energy is;

a. thermodynamics c. thermophilic

b. thermokinetics d. thermal energy

A

Volume of the spaces between the particles of a powder is called;

a. bulk c. density

b. void d. a and b

B

Property of liquid systems that gels in the container but becomes fluid upon shaking is;

a. thixotropy c. diffusibility

b. dispersibility d. a and b

A

The following rheologic systems show a change in viscosity with a change in shear rate, except;

\ a. Newtonian c. dilatant

b. Plastic d. Pseudoplastic

A

Matter has a definite shape when it is:

a. liquid c. gas

b. mixture d. solid

D

Relationship between the buffer capacity of the buffer with the molar concentration of the components is;

a. inversely proportional c. not related

b. directly proportional d. equal

B

Size of colloidal dispersions compared to the size of molecules of solute in true solutions are;

a. larger c. smaller

b. same d. a and c

A

The ff. combinations are completely miscible, except;

a. water and ether c. alcohol and acetone

b. water and alcohol d. glycerin and refined alcohol

A

These substances form colloidal solutions, except;

a. albumin c. acacia

b. polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) d. Na Lauryl Sulfate

D

The zigzag movement of colloidal particles

a. Brownian movement c. diffusion

b. tyndallization d. light scattering

A

One method used to adjust tonicity of a solution is by;

a. dilution c. adding a minimum amount of salt

b. cryoscopic d. a or b

B

The freezing point of a human blood is the same as:

a. tears c. gastric fluid

b. 0.9% NaCl d. a and b

D

Polymorphism is the presence of a drug in the ff number of crystalline forms;

a. one c. less than one

b. two d a and b

B

Bodies that exhibit plastic flow in non-Newtonian system is known as:

a. Bingham bodies c. coarse particles

b. Newton bodies d. b and c

A

The Liso of a drug is its molar concentration that will attain isotonicity based on;

a. freezing point depression of -0.52ºC

b. boiling point of 100ºC

c. melting point of 0ºC

d. any of the above

A

Ultrafiltration is similar to:

a. press filtration c. filtration using an ashless filter paper

b. asbestos pad filtration d. reverse osmosis

D

Most drugs are:

a. weak electrolytes c. non electrolytes

b. strong electrolytes d. highly ionic

A

For some drugs, the rate of solution is increased by:

a. freezing c. humidity

b. high temperature d. photolysis

B

Raoult's Law is applied to the determination of:

a. boiling point c. vapor pressure

b. osmotic pressure d. freezing point

C

Powder fineness may be measured by:

a. spectroscopy c. sieve analysis

b. microscopy d. b and c

D

Decrease in viscosity is caused by:

a. increase in temperature c. increase in tonicity

b. decrease in temperature d. increase in pH

A

The process which involves vaporization and then condensation is

a. crystallization c. fusion

b. sublimation d. freezing

C

To increase solubility of endothermic substance

a. dissolve with the aid of ice c. apply heat during the process of dissolving

b. dissolve at room temperature d. NOTA

C

The dissolution rate apparatus consist of the following parts except;

a. basket rack assembly c. with a sampling tube

b. paddle as stirring device d. constant temperature bath

A

Example of additive property;

a. molecular weight c. electrolyte example

b. atomic weight d. ions present

A

Characteristics of an ideal solution:

a. reaction between substances present during storage

b. heat is evolved upon mixing the ingredients

c. no heat is evolved or absorbed during mixing

d. evaporation takes place upon storage.

C

Characteristics of a lyophobic substance;

a. easily wet by water c. easily wet by hydroalcohol

b. easily wet by a non polar solvent d. a and c

B

Dilatant flow is applicable to systems which;

a. increase in volume when stress is applied

b. decrease in volume when stress is applied

c. no change in volume when stress is applied

d. a and b

A

Thixotropy is a characteristic of gels which is:

a. hardens upon standing and after agitation

b. hardens upon standing but liquefies upon agitation

c. liquefies upon standing and after agitation

d. a and b

B

A system having a particle size that is intermediate between a true solution and a coarse dispersion, roughly 10-5000 angstrom is:

a. system c. colloidal dispersion

b. phase d. solution

C

The passage of a solvent into a solution through a semipermeable membrane is:

a. diffusion c. fractional distillation

b. osmosis d. microfiltration

B

Chelates belong to the same class of complexes known as:

a. metal complexes c. molecular complexes

b. ion-exchange compounds d. no bond complexes

A

This Law stresses that the higher the viscosity of a liquid, the greater the force per unit area (shearing stress) required to produce a certain rate of shear:

a. rheology c. Newtonian Law of Flow

b. viscosity d. Non-Newtonian system

C

Plastic flow is associated with the presence of:

a. plastic materials c. deflocculated particles

b. flocculated particles d. a and c

B

What is the law which states that an acid is a substance that is capable of donating a proton, while a base is a substance that is capable of accepting proton from an acid?

a. Faraday's Law c. Debye and Huckle theory

b. Henry's Law d. Bronsted-Lowry theory

D

He established the term "pH" and formulated the pH scale

a. Sorensen c. Henry

b. Debye d. Faraday

A

A solution in which there is no change in the property of components other than dilution when they are mixed:

a. ideal solution c. relative solution

b. true solution d. suspension

A

The first theory of ionic solution was prepared by _______ in 1887. He was also the one who formulated the theory of electrolytic dissociation:

a. Arrhenius c. Raoult

b. Henry d. Morse

A

The total number of atoms in the molecule or the sum of the constituents in the solution is known as:

a. additive c. colligative

b. constitutive d. a and b

A

A property that depends on the arrangement to a lesser extent on the number and kinds pf atoms within the molecule:

a. additive c. colligative

b. constitutive d. summative

B

The migration of colloidal particles between the electrodes is:

a. dialysis c. tyndall effect

b. electrophoresis d. a and b

B

Decrease in solubility of non electrolyte by the addition of an electrolyte results in

a. separation c. hydrolysis

b. salting out d. reduction

B

The frictional forces in a loose powder can be measured by the:

a. angle of repose c. Hausner's ratio

b. Carr's compressibility index d. Any of the above

A

"Solvent-hating" colloidal system

a. lyophilic c. ampiphilic

b. lyophobi d. NOTA

B

Mayonnaise is an example of:

a. emulsion d. gel

b. suspension e. None of the choices

c. sol

A

Type of solution (based on forces of attraction) where there is complete uniformity of attractive forces:

a. real d. electrolyte

b. ideal e. non electrolyte

c. colligative

B

Migration of solute from a greater concentration to a lower concentration:

a. disintegration d. active transport

b. dissolution e. none of the choices

c. diffusion

C

This type of emulsion is transparent in character:

a. microemulsion c. simple emulsion

b. multiple emulsion d. AOTA

A

Spans are used for what type of emulsion?

a. simple o/w c. multiple

b. simple w/o d. microemulsion

B

Dipole-dipole interaction

a. ionic d. debye forces

b. covalent e. London forces

c. keesom forces

C

Ionization of a salt or formation of charged ions:

a. ion-induced dipole c. hydrogen bonding

b. ion dipole d. AOTA

B

The NaCl equivalent of ZnSO4 is 0.1. This means that

a. 1.0 g of NaCl represents 0.16 g ZnSO4

b. 0.16 g Na Cl is equivalent to 1 g ZnSO4

c. 0.16 g NaCl is equivalent to 0.16 g ZnSO4

d. NOTA

B

Hydrogen forms a bridge with the following, except;

a. Fluorine c. oxygen

b. Magnesium d. Polypeptides

B

The ff. are drug/pharmaceutical agents that exhibit polymorphism, except;

a. theobroma oil c. chloramphenicol

b. penicillin d. carbamazepine

B

Supercooled liquids in which molecules are arranged in a random manner

a. amorphous solids c. crystalline solids

b. liquid crystals d. powders

A

The gram-molecular volume of a gas at STP is equal to:

a. 1.0 L c. 22.4 L

b. 2.24 L d. 22.4 ml

C