Revolutionary Nationalism & Early Socialism (1920s)

Theory of Socialism was given by

Karl Marx

According to Karl Marx, the only option to remove rich classes from society is

Mass struggle

Event that inspired the spread of Socialism in India

Russian Revolution (1917)

Famous book written by Karl Marx

Das Kapital

Year and founders of All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC)

1920 by Lala Lajpat Rai, Joseph Baptista, and N.M. Joshi

"Father of Trade Union Movement" who founded Bombay Mill Association

N.M. Lokhande

Formation of Communist Party of India (CPI)

Formed by M.N. Roy in Tashkent, Uzbekistan in 1920

People involved in Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy Case (1924)

S.A. Dange, Muzaffar Ahmed, Shaukat Usmani

Year and location where CPI was formalized in India

1925 in Kanpur

Year of the Meerut Conspiracy Case

1929

Author of the book Bandi Jeevan

Sachin Sanyal

Author of the book Pather Dabi

Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay

Author of The Philosophy of the Bomb

Bhagwati Charan Vohra

Formation of Hindustan Republican Association (HRA)

1924 in Kanpur by Ram Prasad Bismil, J.C. Chatterjee, and Sachin Sanyal

Exact date and location of Kakori Train Robbery/Action

9 August 1925 in Kakori, a village near Lucknow

Revolutionaries hanged for the Kakori Incident

Ashfaqullah Khan, Roshan Singh, Ram Prasad Bismil, Rajendra Lahiri

Formation of Punjab Naujawan Bharat Sabha

1926 by Bhagat Singh

Transformation of HRA to Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA)

1928 at Feroz Shah Kotla by Chandra Shekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev

Reason for adding "Socialist" to HRA

To reflect the ultimate goal of establishing a socialist state

Death of Lala Lajpat Rai (1928)

Died from lathi charge by Scott while protesting the Simon Commission with the slogan "Simon go back"

Quote by Lala Lajpat Rai

"Every blow aimed at me is a nail in the coffin of British imperialism."

Assassination of J.P. Saunders (1928)

Killed in Lahore by Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru to avenge Lala Lajpat Rai (mistakenly killed instead of Scott)

Central Legislative Assembly Bombing

April 8, 1929 by Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt

Reason for Assembly Bombing

To protest against the "Public Safety Bill" (1928) and "Trade Disputes Bill" (1929)

Declared purpose of the Assembly Bombing

Not to kill anyone, but "To Make Deaf Hear"

Revolutionary involved in the 1929 conspiracy to blow up Lord Irwin's train

Chandra Shekar Azad

Demands of the 1929–30 Hunger Strike

Demanded the status of political prisoners (better food, books, no discrimination)

Revolutionary who died on 13 September 1929 after a 63-day hunger strike

Jatindra Nath Das

Lahore Conspiracy Case Trial ordinance (1930)

Allowed the trial to proceed without normal procedures, even in the absence of the accused

Approvers (Government Witnesses) in the Lahore Conspiracy Case

Hans Raj Vohra, Jai Gopal, Phanindranath Ghosh, Sobha Singh

Execution of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru

Hanged on March 23, 1931, in Lahore Jail

Significance of 23rd March (and 30th Jan)

Celebrated as "Shaheed Diwas"

Slogan "Inquilab Zindabad" (Long Live Revolution)

Coined by Hasrat Mohani in 1921, popularized by Bhagat Singh

Book written by Bhagat Singh

Why I am an Atheist

Prominent female member of HSRA actively participating against British rule

Durgawati Devi (Durga Bhabhi)

Chittagong Armoury Raid (1930)

Led by Surya Sen (also known as Master Da) in Bengal

Women participants in Chittagong Raid

Pritilata Waddedar, Kalpana Dutta, Suniti Choudhury, Bina Das, Shanti Ghosh