Top 100 Drugs - Infectious diseases pt.1

Describe the drug profile of Amoxicillin to include: Class, Brand and formulation, Indications, MOA, Common adverse effects, Serious adverse effects, Boxed warnings, and Contraindications

Penicillin

Tablet, capsule, chewable tablet, and powder in suspension (Amoxil)

Bacterial infections: Sore throat, inflammation of the heart lining, and middle ear infection

Beta-lactam; binds to the bacterial cell wall and stops further synthesis of it

N/V/D, rash, headache, yeast infections

SJS, TEN, and C. Diff

None

Hypersensitivity to penicillins

Describe the drug profile of Amoxicillin-clavulanate to include: Class, Brand and formulation, Indications, MOA, Common adverse effects, Serious adverse effects, Boxed warnings, and Contraindications

Penicillin

Tablet, chewable tablet, powder in suspension (Augmentin), and ER tablet (Augmentin XR)

Bacterial Infections: Middle ear infection, sinusitis, pneumonia

Beta-lactam; binds to the bacterial cell wall and stops further synthesis of it + Clavulanate - beta-lactamase inhibitor

N/V/D, rash, headache, yeast infections

SJS, TEN, C.Diff, Functional liver tests, and liver toxicity.

None

Hypersensitivity to penicillins, liver damage, history of jaundice, and impaired renal function (XR tablet)

When counseling a patient about class penicillin what high points do you hit (3)

Take the full course of medication

Report severe diarrhea

Take with some kind of food (Augmentin)

Describe the drug profile of Cephalxin to include: Class, Brand and formulation, Indications, MOA, Common adverse effects, Serious adverse effects, Boxed warnings, and Contraindications

Cephalosporins

Tablet, Capsule, Powder in suspension (Keflex)

Bacterial infections: Middle ear infection, Urinary tract infection, Respiratory tract infection, impetigo, and sore throat

Beta-lactam; binds to the bacterial cell wall and stops further synthesis of it

Diarrhea

SJS and TEN

None

Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins

Describe the drug profile of Cefdinir to include: Class, Brand and formulation, Indications, MOA, Common adverse effects, Serious adverse effects, Boxed warnings, and Contraindications

Cephalsporins

Capsule, powder for suspension (Omnicef)

Bacterial infections: middle ear infections, bronchitis, pneumonia, sinusitis, and sore throat

Beta-lactam; binds to the bacterial cell wall and stops further synthesis of it

N/V/D Yeast infections

SJS, TEN, and C. Diff swelling, serum sickness, and liver toxicity

None

Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins

When counseling about drug class cephalosporins what high points do you hit (3)

Take the full course of medication

Report severe diarrhea

Take with some kind of food

What special counseling about cefdinir should be discussed (2)

Separate 2 hours before and after any ion supplements

Report any malaise (general sense of not feeling well)

Describe the drug profile of ciprofloxacin to include: Class, Brand and formulation, Indications, MOA, Common adverse effects, Serious adverse effects, Boxed warnings, and Contraindications

Fluoroquinolones

Tablets, powder for suspension, injectable (Cipro)

Bacterial infections: UTI

Inhibit bacterial DNA topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase- prevention DNA coilng and resulting in DNA breakage

N/V/D headache rash

Photosensitivity, SJS, TEN, C. Diff, glucose disturbances, seizures, liver toxicity, renal failure, bone growth suppression

Tendon inflmmation or rupture, peripheral neuropathy, and CNS effects, exacerbation of muscle weakness, reserved for patients with no alt treatment of uncomplicated UTI

Concurrent use with tizanidine and hypersensitivity to quinolones

Describe the drug profile of levofloxacin to include: Class, Brand and formulation, Indications, MOA, Common adverse effects, Serious adverse effects, Boxed warnings, and Contraindications

Fluoroquinolones

Tablets, oral solution, injectable (levaquin)

Bacterial infections: UTI

Inhibit bacterial DNA topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase- prevention DNA coilng and resulting in DNA breakage

N/V/D headache rash

QT prolongation, photosensitivity, SJS, TEN, C. Diff, glucose disturbances, seizures, liver toxicity, renal failure, bone growth suppression

Tendon inflmmation or rupture, peripheral neuropathy, and CNS effects, exacerbation of muscle weakness, reserved for patients with no alt treatment of uncomplicated UTI

hypersensitivity to quinolones

What special counseling about fluoroquinolone should be discussed (6)

Finish all

Report severe diarrhea

Report tendon/pain or neuropathy

Take 2 hours before or after ion supplements

Maintain hydration

(Cirpofloxacin if less than 6 hours before next dose skip missed dose)