Theology Reviewer (1st Grading)

Theology

The systematic study of the nature of the divine and religious belief.

Systematic Theology

Discerns how a passage theologically coheres with the whole Bible.

Exegetical Theology

Interprets text by analyzing what the author intended to communicate.

Biblical Theology

Studies how the Bible progresses, integrates, and climaxes in Christ.

Historical Theology

Surveys and evaluates how significant exegetes and theologians have understood the Bible and theology.

Practical Theology

Applies the text to oneself, the Church, and the world.

Christian Morality

The study of everyday behavior and how we decide what is right and wrong in accordance with Christian principles.

St. Thomas Aquinas

Christian Morality studies the human person as the Image of God.

Philosophical Ethics

Relies on individual reasoning skills to achieve the knowledge of right and wrong.

Immoral

A person who knows what he should do, but does not do it.

Amoral

A person who does not have a moral sense and is blind to some moral values.

Moral

A person who knows what is good and usually does it, and avoids what is evil.

False Images of God

Over-Personalized God, Lawgiver God, Judge/Punisher God, Tester God, Controller God.

Trinity as a Communion of Love

An eternal giving and receiving of love among equals. We are destined to live a life of communion with others who are also God’s creation.

Authentic Image of God

Loving Father, Good Shepherd, Trinity as a Communion of Love.

Consequentialist Approach

Treating morality as a means to an end, where the end justifies the means.

Utilitarianism

Decision-making based on the greatest number of people's happiness or pleasure.

Hedonism

Decision-making based on personal pleasure or happiness.

Deontological Approach

Morality based on fulfilling duties and following laws, where the end does not justify the means.

Personalist Approach

Morality based on individual feelings, conscience, or love.

(1) Created in His Own Image
(2) Relational Being
(3) Embodied Subject
(4) Historical Subject
(5) Fundamentally Equal but Uniquely Original

The Human Person (The Five General Norms of the Human Person

Created in God's own image

Affirms the dignity and sacredness of every person. We all share a common human condition that is directed toward a common destination, which is God. A person is always in relation to others.

Relational Being

The concept that as human beings, we are naturally directed towards others and have an obligation to assess our laws, moral norms, and societal structures for the promotion of the common good and communal living.

Embodied Subject

The understanding that our bodies are subject to the laws of the material world and must be treated with consideration, as a person should never be used as an object or means to an end.

Historical Subject

The recognition that as individuals, we are constantly undergoing a journey of growth and development, with experiences and learning shaping our perspectives and beliefs.

Restrictive Customs

views sex as something cringe

Double Standard

there is a socially accepted “querida system” while the Filipina must remain faithful to her family

Fundamentally Equal but Uniquely Original

The belief that while we are all fundamentally equal in terms of personal dignity and human rights, our unique experiences and cultural differences should be taken into consideration in moral reflections and the promotion of what is universally good for all.

Human Sexuality (General View)

The understanding that human sexuality is a fundamental component of personality, created by God, through which individuals enter into communication with others. It is viewed as a gift and a means for expressing love and creativity.

Vocation to Chastity

The concept that chastity involves the successful integration of sexuality within the person, leading to inner unity of both bodily and spiritual aspects.

(1) Personalization
(2) Individuality
(3) Progression

Principles of the Sixth Commandment

Personalization

The integration of sexuality within the harmonious totality of the human personality, with sexual ethics centered on the whole person.

Individuality

The recognition that each person is unique and cannot be fully understood based on pre-conceived schemes, requiring objective rules to be applied considering the uniqueness of each individual.

Progression

The understanding that human personality undergoes a process of maturation, emphasizing the importance of growth and development.

Consequences of Sexual Faults

The recognition that sexual faults have grave matter, but the gravity of these faults is determined by their total effect on the individual's personality and personal maturation. The morality of sexual acts should be evaluated based on the object, end, and circumstances.

Liberation

The Sixth Commandment liberates individuals from the tyrannies of "self-righteous decency" and "indecency," promoting a balanced and respectful approach to sexuality that avoids hypocritical moralizing and casual, loveless encounters.

Pre-Marital Sex

A carnal union between an unmarried man and an unmarried woman that is considered gravely contrary to the dignity of persons and human sexuality.

Current Church Teaching

Recent approaches in evaluating sexual relations that emphasize the intrapersonal dimension of sexual intercourse as a language of self-offering love and the binding dimension of all authentically humanizing sexual relationships.

Authentic Love

Love that includes the dimensions of total self-donation and permanent commitment, which must provide the context for expressions of genital sexuality.

Casual Sex

Sexual intercourse that does not authentically serve as a language of love and does not partake in the binding dimension of all authentically humanizing relations.

Engaged Couple

A couple who is engaged to be married, where sex between them is still objectively wrong but not as seriously grave as sex between unengaged persons.

PMS Justification

Reasons given to justify pre-marital sex, including the need to test psychosexual compatibility, the need to learn and experiment for better preparation for marriage, and the difficulty of prolonged sexual abstinence before marriage.