quiz 1: histology and cranial skeleton

superior or cranial

ABOVE: toward the head or upper part of the body

inferior or caudal

BELOW: toward the feet end or away from head

anterior or ventral

towards the front of the body (b00b)

posterior or dorsal

towards the back of the body (butt)

medial

towards the midline of the body (moving horizontally towards spinal column)

lateral

away from the midline of the body (towards the arms horizontally)

intermediate

in the spaces between medial and lateral; like where most muscle knots happen

proximal

referential to limbs; closer to the origin of the limb attached to the body trunk

distal

referential to limbs; further from the origin of the limb attached to the body trunk

superficial (exterior)

in relation to the skin; towards the bodys surface

deep (internal)

away from the body surface

condyle (articulating surface)

a large rounded articulating knob

sagittal plane

vertical plane that divides the body into left and right.

midsagittal plane

directly down the middle of the body, plane of left and right (parasagittal is when its offcenter)

coronal plane (frontal

vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts (front side and backside)

transverse plane

divides the body into superior and inferior parts (top half and bottom half)

facet (articulating surface)

a flattened or shallow articulating surface

head (articulating surface)

a prominent, rounded, articulating end of a bone

articulating surface

the part of a bone that meets another bone to form a joint; These areas are smooth, shaped to fit together (such as concave and convex parts)

Nonarticulating prominences

raised bumps, ridges, or projections on bones that serve as attachment points for muscles, tendons, and ligaments rather than forming joints with other bones

crest

a narrow, ridgelike projection

epicondyle

a projection above a condyle

process

any marked bony prominence

spine

a sharp slender process

trochanter

a massive process found only on the femur

tubercle

a small, rounded process

tuberosity

a large roughened process (OPPOSITE OF TUBERCLE). hear -osity and think HUGE

alveolus

a deep pit or socket

fissure

a narrow slit like opening

foramen or foramina

a rounded opening through a bone

fossa

a flattened or shallow surface

fovea

a small pit or depression

meatus

a tube like passageway through a bone

sinus

a cavity or hollow space in a boned

sulcus

a groove that accomodates a vessel, nerve, or tendon