Crime and Delinquency Exam 2

Differential Association Theory

Learning from a SIGNIFICANT OTHER/CRIMINAL MENTOR. There was a COGNITIVE SHIFT they think what used to be bad isn’t anymore

Social Control Theory

more control, more integrated, involved in society brings less crime. 4 parts: attachment- closeness and quality of your relationships commitment- what do you see happening in the future what goals?, involvement- participation in community group involvement like college a job church, and belief- religious or moral standard

Labeling Theory

Society’s reactions to our behavior is what shapes/molds future behaviors. What label, what significant other, SELF LABELING, SELF FULLING PROPHECY STIGMA

Neutralization Theory

Step 1 Committed a crime Step 2 Questioned asked: give question in quotes Step 3 give 3 of 5 responses ex. denial of responsibility, denial of injury, denial of victim, condemning the condemners and appeal to higher loyalties. Still believes they are a good person

Liberal Feminism

When women are given societal freedoms female crime increases. What privileges do women have to that allow them to commit crime?

Critical Feminism

Discrimination, subjugation, exploitation, victimization by MEN increases female crime

Power and Control Theory

Include social class- middle class because both parents work. She is less likely to commit crime when there is a mother at home so when one is working she is more likely to commit crime. Less control exerted over her more freedom. This theory doesn’t work with boys.

Life Course Theory

People aren’t criminals they become criminals due to the circumstances of their life. People change over time. Factors like employment, marriage, custody, issues, health can cause things like aging out, early onset, turning points, cumulative disadvantage.

Latent Trait Theory

People have a MASTER TRAIT-stable, unchanged. Related to personality, intelligence, prosperity, self control, higher personality. Changes in delinquency are impacted by external factors

Trajectory Theory

crime is the result of multiple factors that encourage bad behavior. Multiple pathways to a criminal career. Authority conflict (stubbornness, defiance) covert (lying and stealing) overt (aggression, violence)

Key words for social control theory

Attachment, commitment, involvement, belief

Key words for differential theory

Criminal mentor, Cognitive shift

Key words for labeling theory

Self fulfilling prophecy, stigma, self labeling

neutralization theory

SO askes question, denial of injury, denial of victim, appeal to higher loyalties, denial of responsibility

key words for liberal feminism

Women have more freedom-more time to commit crime

Key words for life course theory

aging out, early onset, turning points, cumulative disadvantage