Hybridization

Linus Pauling

Who proposed the valence bond theory?

Valence bond theory

What states that covalent bonds form when two half-filled valence orbitals from two atoms overlap?

bonding orbital

When two overlapping orbitals join together, they form a?

Covalent bond

A ________ ____ is a volume of space between two nuclei in which there is a high probability of finding the electrons involved in the bond.

s

Quick note (press s to skip):

2 problems that the valence bond theory faces:

• Could not explain the 4 equal bonds represented by the four pairs of electrons in a carbon compound

• Could not explain the existence of double and triple bonds

Hybridization theory

Proposes that atomic orbitals combine to form new hybrid orbitals

Sigma bond

What kind of bonds occur when there is a end-to-end overlap of s-orbitals, p-orbitals, or hybrid orbitals?

Pi bonds

What kind of bonds occur when two orbitals overlap side by side?