Part One Boards: Microbiology

Mannitol salt agar is used to detect what?

Staphylococcus

Negri bodies are in what?

Rabies

Lewi bodies are in what?

Parkinson's Disease

Aschoff bodies are in what?

Rheumatic fever

Enanthem lesions are with what?

Smallpox

What cells release interleukin 2?

T lymphocytes

What organisms lack a cell wall and have a fried egg appearance?

Mycoplasma

Which cells respond to immune reactions?

T cells, B cells, macrophages

What Ig is found in a type I hypersensitivity (allergies) and releases histamine and defends against parasites?

IgE

What Ig is found in type II and III hypersensitivities and CAN CROSS THE PLACENTA?

IgG

Which Ig is most abundant and found in mucous membranes and breast milk?

IgA

Which Ig is a pentamer and is the first to respond to a new antigen?

IgM

What type of hypersensitivity is a type II?

Cytotoxic (hemolytic anemia and transfusions)

What type of hypersensitivity is a type III?

Immune complex (RA and SLE)

What type of hypersensitivity is type IV?

T cell mediated; delayed; infections, dermatitis, graft rejections

What is the removal of solid waste during water treatment?

Sedimentation

What is the causative agent of pink eye?

Haemophilus aegyptius

What federal agency is responsible for laboratory experiment standards?

NIH (also funds research)

Which pioneer discovered hand washing?

Semmelweis

Pioneer of antiseptic procedures?

Lister (think listerene)

Who is the founder of medical microbiology and germ theory of disease?

Louis Pasteur

Who is the founder of microbiology, he investigated anthrax and cholera, and isolated bacillus of TB? Developed 4 postulates

Robert Koch

Which organism is predominate in the San Joaquin Valley?

Coccidioides immitis (valley fever)

What cause primary syphillis in humans?

Treponema pallidum

What is pork tapeworm?

Taenia solium

What is beef tapeworm?

Taenia saginata

What condition is diagnosed by means of blood smear?

Plasmodium falciparum (malaria)

What is the enteric bacteria causing traveler's diarrhea and UTIs?

E. Coli

What is responsible for atypical primary pneumonia?

Mycoplasma pneumonia (walking pneumonia)

What causes typical pneumonia?

Klebsiella pneumonia and chlamydia psittaci

What is the MC transmission of disease among farmers?

Fomites

What disease presents with ataxia, hypotonia, hypotonic bladder, and hypoesthesia in lower limbs?

Tabes dorsalis

What causes hot tub folliculitis and can have blue/green pus?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

What is the vector of malaria?

female anopheles mosquito

What is the vector for Lyme's disease and the causative agent?

Deer tick; borrelia burgdorferi

What is the vector of African sleeping sickness?

tsetse fly (trypanosomiasis)

What organism can produce a foul smelling odor?

Trichomonas vaginalis

What is the MC root of transmission for polio?

Oral-fecal

What is the serology test for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (rickettsia rickettsii)?

Weil Felix

What screening is used for mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Mantoux test

What makes up the cell wall of a bacteria?

Peptidoglycan

Which disinfectant is used during preoperative prep?

Iodine

What is the heaviest and largest Ig?

IgM

Who discovered yellow fever?

Reed

Ecchymosis is found with what condition?

Scurvy

What is the mode of transport for German Measles?

Respiratory

What conditions presents with sore throat, fever, difficulty breathing, and a GRAY PSEUDOMEMBRANE COVERING THE TONSILS?

Corynebacterium diphtheria

Consumption of raw fish may lead to?

Diphyllobothrium latum (fish tapeworm)

What is released from cells infected by a virus to protect uninfected cells?

Interferon

Killed bacteria used in a vaccine for what type of immunity?

Artificial active

Most circulating antibodies are produced by what cells?

Plasma cells

Which organism enters the body by walking barefoot on fecal contaminated soil?

Necator americanas (new world hookworm)

Otitis media in children caused by?

Strep pneumonia

What can cause bacterial pharyngitis and scarlet fever?

Step pyogenes

What type of virus is AIDS?

Retrovirus

What causes Ohio valley fever, a fungal infection resulting from contact with bird droppings?

Histoplasmosis

Herpes simplex type 1, where does the virus reside?

Trigeminal ganglion

What is residing please for herpes zoster (HSV3)?

Anterior horn of spinal cord or lumbar dorsal root ganglia

What is residing place of herpes simplex 2 (genital herpes)?

Sacral ganglion

What shows up under UV light?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

What causes mono?

Epstein-Barr virus (HHV4)

Koplik spots are associated with?

Measles

What pathology has characteristic of parotitis, dysphasia, fever, fatigue, and muscle aches?

Mumps

What pathology has a characteristic maculopapular rash and lymphadenopathy?

Rubella (German measles)

What can you protect yourself from by wearing shoes?

Ancylostoma duodenale (hookworm)

Rice water stool?

Cholera

Etiological agent for histoplasmosis is?

Mold

Gram positive stains?

Purple (crystal violet)

Gram negative stains?

Magenta (Safranin)

Acid fast cells stain?

Red (carbol fuchsin); mycobacterium

Non acid fast cells stain?

Blue (methylene blue)

Endospores stain?

Green (malachite green)

Vegetative cells stain?

Magenta (safranin)

Which agar is for fungus?

Sabouraud dextrose

Which agar for strep?

Blood agar

Which agar for gram -?

MacConkey agar

Which MHC is inside the cell?

MHC I

Which MHC is outside of the cell?

MHC II

Which MHC for memory helper cells and CD4?

MHC II

Which MHC for memory killer cells and CD8?

MHC I

What syndrome occurs when self-reactive lymphocytes are repeatedly stimulated and there are swollen lymph nodes?

Canale-smith syndrome

What syndrome has no thymic tissue or T cells?

DiGeorge Syndrome

What kind of vaccine is a weakened form of the microbe and is most vaccines?

Attenuated

What are two tests for HIV/AIDS?

ELISA and Western Blot

Salk treated polio with what to kill the virus?

Formaldehyde

What did Sabin use for his polio vaccine?

Live and attenuated virus

What is the commonality of meningitis?

Viral, bacterial, fungal (very big feet are common)

What is the lethality of meningitis?

Bacterial, fungal, viral (Best friends vorever)

Gram positive usually ends in?

US or UM

Gram negative usually ends in?

A or IA

Tetanus is __________, botulism is ___________

Spastic; flaccid

What causes gas gangrene?

Clostridium perfringens

What causes scalded skin syndrome, toxic shock, and impetigo?

Staph aureus

What causes dental carries?

strep mutans

What causes subacute bacterial carditis?

Strep viridans

MC STD?

Chlamydia (chlamydia trachomatis)

What causes bacillary dysentery, tenesmus, and has a fly vector?

Shigella

What causes bubonic plague, carried by rat fleas?

Yersinia pestis

MC cause of bacterial gastroenteritis?

Campylobacter jejuni

What causes rabbit fever (tularemia)?

Francisella tularensis