AP Lang Fallacy Vocabulary

Fallacy

A flawed or false argument that appears convincing but is logically incorrect.

Bandwagon

Assuming something is true or good because many people believe or do it.

Non-Sequitur

A conclusion that does not logically follow from the previous statements.

Slippery Slope

Arguing that a relatively small step will inevitably lead to a chain of related (negative) events.

Hasty Generalization

Making a broad conclusion based on insufficient or limited evidence.

Begging the Question

Assuming the conclusion in the premise; circular reasoning.

Generic Fallacy

a logical error where an idea, argument, or practice is dismissed or accepted based on its origin or source, rather than its merit

Post Hoc

Assuming that just because one event followed another, the first caused the second.

Circular Argument

An argument that restates the claim rather than proving it, using the conclusion as evidence.

Either-Or

Presenting only two options when others may exist.

Ad Hominem

Attacking the person making the argument rather than the argument itself.

Red Herring

Introducing an irrelevant point to divert attention from the main issue.

Guilt by Association

Discrediting an argument by linking it to unfavorable persons or groups.

Flattery

Using compliments to persuade or influence someone, often to bypass critical thinking.

In-Crowd

Appealing to popularity or social belonging as a reason for acceptance.

Straw Man

Misrepresenting or exaggerating someone’s argument to make it easier to attack.

Veiled Threat

Implying a threat subtly to influence or manipulate someone.

Authority Fallacy

Relying solely on the opinion of an authority figure as proof, without valid supporting evidence.