2SF: PEDIA 5

Gastrointestinal system

Aka digestive system

Responsible for breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, eliminating waste

protein energy malnutrition

Body does not receive protein and energy deficiency in vitamins and minerals

Micronutrient deficiency

Insufficient Vitamins and minerals needed for enzyme and hormone production

Iron

Essential for brain development and oxygen transport

Vitamin D

Bone mineralization and calcium absorption

Fat soluble vitamins, acts more as a hormone

Vitamin D2

Found in plants and fortified foods

Vitamin D3

Produced in skin via sunlight and animal sources

Vitamin D DEFICIENCY

Lacks sufficient vitamin D to regulate calcium and phosphorus

Vitamin B12

Cobalamim

Vital water soluble vitamins that plays a central role in growth neurodevelopment, blood formation

Neurotransmitter

Chemical messengers released by nerve cells that transmit signals

Megaloblastic anemia

Bone marrow produces unusually large dysfunctional RBC

Acute diarrhea

Inflammation of stomach and intestines that may be accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea

Mild diarrhea

Stools are slightly increased in numbers and have a more liquid consistency

Moderate diarrhea

Several loose or watery stools accompanied by irritability, anorexia, nausea, vomiting

Severe diarrhea

Watery stools are continuous with fluid and electrolytes imbalance

Imperforate anus

Anal opening is absent, misplaced, blocked preventing normal stool passage

blind pouch

Rectum ends without connection to anus

Fistula formation

Rectum connects abnormally to urethra, bladder, vagina, perineum

Abnormal passageway connects to epithelial surfaces

Anal stenosis

Narrow anal opening

Cloaca

Rectum, vagina, urinary tract share a single opening

Anoplasty

Widening of anal opening

Perineal fistula

Rectum opens abnormally into the perineum near genitalia

Appendicitis

Inflammation and infection of appendix

Appendix

Aids in digestion

Contains lymphoid tissue that helps produce antibodies

Acts as a training ground for immune cells to recognize gut bacteria

Crohn’s disease

Mouth to anus

Ulcerative colitis

Rectum and colon

Ammonia dermatitis

Diaper rash