Unit 2 - Biodiversity

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38 Terms

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Adaptative response
________ for better opportunities for resources and mating.
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geographical disruption
Physical and ________ of various environments caused by human activity.
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basic natural processes
Supporting: ________ that sustain life on Earth.
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Pesticide resistance
________ (mutations in the genes of pests cause pesticides to become ineffective), natural selection.
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Productivity
________: more biomass → higher rates of photosynthesis (measure of productivity)
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environmental change
Gene must be present BEFORE the ________.
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environmental worldviews
anthropocentric or ecocentric (balance is biocentric)
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sustainable development
using resources in a way that fulfills human needs but does not deplete their quantity for future generations (profitable)
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Provisional
resources directly derived from sources in nature
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Supporting
basic natural processes that sustain life on Earth
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Highest species richness
large islands near the mainland
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lowest species richness
small islands far from the mainland
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solution
habitat corridors (connecting fragmented habitats through animal-friendly tunnels or bridges = easier migration & greater diversity)
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natural processes
quick vs short-term
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periodic
one event → long-term effect/event
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episodic
sudden event → greater effects/events over time
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random
sudden, w/o leading cause
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biomass
larger plant species have more biomass than smaller plant species (material & weight)
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richness
greater in previously distributed species; less in recently distributed species
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productivity
more biomass → higher rates of photosynthesis (measure of productivity)
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keystone species
plays a significant role in determining community structure
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ecosystem engineers
organisms that alter habitat beneficially
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mutualists
two organisms interact for mutual benefit
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Human activity
increase in habitat fragmentation & separation of species.
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Human activity
leads to disruptions of natural processes, having economic and ecological consequences.
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what are the types of ecosystem services?
provisional, regulating, cultural, supporting
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Regulating
processes that maintain natural phenomena to be clean, functional, and resilient
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Cultural
abstract concepts/ideas that contribute to the cultural/theoretical development of human society
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species richness
number of species in an area
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species evenness
comparison of population and number of species
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highest species richness
large islands near the mainland
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primary succession
a new area is dominated by pioneer species
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pioneer species
broad range of ecological tolerance to survive ecological disturbances
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secondary succession
new species take over old land
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indicator species
represents aspect or quality of an ecosystem that should be present
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ecological tolerance
range of abiotic conditions that an organism can survive in
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migration
season movement of organisms from one habitat to another habitat
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habitat fragmentation
separation of a singular habitat resulting in species dislocated