General Education Complete Exam Reviewer Flashcards

Comprehensive review flashcards covering General Education topics: English figures of speech, Filipino grammar, literary genres, Philippine history and presidents, Life and Works of Rizal, civics, and general science.

Simile

A figure of speech comparing two different things using the words "like" or "as" (e.g., "Brave as a lion").

Metaphor

A figure of speech involving a direct comparison between two unlike things without using "like" or "as" (e.g., "Time is a thief.").

Personification

A figure of speech that gives human traits or attributes to non-human things (e.g., "The wind whispered through the trees.").

Hyperbole

An exaggerated statement or claim not meant to be taken literally (e.g., "I've told you a million times.").

Onomatopoeia

Words that imitate natural sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to (e.g., "Bang!", "Sizzle", "Buzz").

Alliteration

The repetition of the same initial consonant sound in nearby words (e.g., "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.").

Irony

Saying or expressing the opposite of what is actually meant (e.g., A fire station burns down).

Apostrophe

A figure of speech in which a speaker addresses someone absent, dead, or an inanimate object/nonliving thing (e.g., "O death, where is thy sting?").

Oxymoron

A figure of speech combining two contradictory terms side by side (e.g., "Bittersweet", "Deafening silence").

Euphemism

A polite or softer expression used in place of one that may be found harsh or unpleasant (e.g., "Passed away" instead of "died").

Pun

A humorous play on words exploiting different meanings of a word or words that sound alike (e.g., "I'm reading a book on glue—I just can't put it down.").

Bow-wow Theory

Teorya ng pinagmulan ng wika batay sa panggagaya ng mga tunog mula sa kalikasan o hayop.

Pooh-pooh Theory

Teorya ng wika na nagsasabing ang wika ay nagmula sa mga tunog ng masidhing damdamin ng tao.

Ding-dong Theory

Teorya ng wika na nagmumula sa mga tunog na nililikha ng mga bagay sa paligid.

Ta-ta / Tata Theory

Teorya ng wika na nagmula sa kumpas o galaw ng kamay at pamamaalam ng tao.

Yo-he-ho Theory

Teorya ng wika na nagmula sa mga tunog na nililikha tuwing gumagamit ng pwersang pisikal.

Mama Theory

Teorya ng wika batay sa paulit-ulit na tunog tulad ng "ma" na binibigkas ng mga sanggol.

Tarara-boom-de-ay Theory

Teorya ng wika na nagmula sa mga tunog ng ritwal o seremonya.

Eureka! Theory

Teorya ng wika na nagsasabing ang wika ay nagmula sa tunog ng biglaang tuklas o pagkaalam.

Monolingual

Isang tao na isang wika lamang ang alam at ginagamit (Mono = "isa").

Bilingual

Isang tao na dalawang wika ang kaya niyang sabihin at gamitin (Bi = "dalawa").

Multilingual

Isang tao na nakapagsasalita ng tatlo o higit pang wika (Multi = "marami").

Pasalaysay (Declarative Sentence)

Uri ng pangungusap na nagbibigay ng impormasyon o nagsasalaysay (Halimbawa: "Si Ana ay nag-aaral ng mabuti.").

Patanong (Interrogative Sentence)

Uri ng pangungusap na nagtatanong o humihingi ng impormasyon (Halimbawa: "Saan ka pupunta?").

Pautos / Pakiusap (Imperative Sentence)

Uri ng pangungusap na nag-uutos, nakikiusap, o nagbibigay ng direksyon (Halimbawa: "Pakidala ang aklat sa mesa.").

Padamdam (Exclamatory Sentence)

Uri ng pangungusap na nagpapahayag ng matinding damdamin o emosyon (Halimbawa: "Ang ganda ng bulaklak na ito!").

Kundiman

Awiting bayan ng pag-ibig sa Tagalog.

Oyayi / Hele

Awiting bayan na ginagamit sa pagpapatulog ng bata.

Kumintang

Awiting bayan tungkol sa laban o digmaan.

Dung-aw

Awiting bayan ng mga Ilokano para sa namatay (awit sa patay).

Epic

A long narrative poem about heroic deeds (e.g., Beowulf, Biag ni Lam-Ang).

Ballad

A narrative poem telling a story in short stanzas, often meant to be sung.

Sonnet

A 14-line lyric poem typically written about love.

Elegy

A sad poem or musical composition written for someone who has died.

Eulogy

A speech or written tribute that praises a deceased person.

Haiku

A traditional 3-line Japanese poem with a 5-7-5 syllable structure, usually about nature.

Baby Boomers

The generation born between 1946–1964, characterized by significant population growth after World War II.

Generation Z (Gen Z)

The generation born between 1997–2012, recognized as digital natives.

General Assembly

The main deliberative assembly and meeting place of all member countries in the United Nations.

Security Council

The highest decision-making body and executive brain of the United Nations.

Power of Taxation

An inherent power of the State to collect taxes to raise revenue for government expenses.

Power of Eminent Domain

An inherent power of the State to take private property for public use upon payment of just compensation.

Police Power

An inherent power of the State to enact laws that promote and protect the public welfare.

Federalism

A type of government where power is divided and shared between a national government and local/state governments.

Necrocracy

A type of government where a deceased leader is officially considered the ruler.

Suffrage

The legal right to vote in political elections.

Progressive Tax

A tax system where the tax rate increases as the taxpayer's income increases.

Regressive Tax

A tax system that takes a larger percentage of income from low-income earners than from high-income earners.

Writ of Amparo

A special legal remedy protecting a person's right to life, liberty, and security.

Writ of Habeas Corpus

A special legal remedy that protects a person against arbitrary or illegal detention.

Writ of Kalikasan

A special legal remedy designed to protect the constitutional right to a balanced and healthful ecology.

Writ of Habeas Data

A special legal remedy protecting an individual's right to control personal information and privacy.

Apolinario Mabini

Known as the "Sublime Paralytic" and "Brains of the Revolution"; author of El Verdadero Decalogo.

Emilio Jacinto

Known as the "Brains of the Katipunan" (pen names: Pingkian, Dimasilang); wrote the Kartilya ng Katipunan.

Graciano López Jaena

The first editor of La Solidaridad (pen name: Diego Laura) and author of Fray Botod.

Marcelo H. del Pilar

The second editor of La Solidaridad, known as the "Father of Philippine Journalism" (pen name: Plaridel); founded Diyaryong Tagalog.

Gregorio del Pilar

Known as the "Boy General" and hero of the Battle of Tirad Pass.

Melchora Aquino

Known as "Tandang Sora", "Ina ng Katipunan", and the "Mother of Balintawak".

Francisco Dagohoy

Filipino patriot who led the longest revolt against Spanish rule in the Philippines, lasting 85 years.

Republic Act 1425

The Rizal Law requiring the inclusion of Jose Rizal's life, works, and writings in school curricula; signed by President Ramon Magsaysay.

Noli Me Tangere

Jose Rizal's first novel ("Social Cancer"), published in Berlin (1887), financed by Maximo Viola, and dedicated to the Fatherland.

El Filibusterismo

Jose Rizal's political novel ("Reign of Greed"), published in Ghent (1891), financed by Valentin Ventura, and dedicated to GOMBURZA.

Troposphere

The lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, where all weather phenomena occur.

Stratosphere

The atmospheric layer above the troposphere, which contains the protective Ozone Layer.

Mesosphere

The coldest layer of Earth's atmosphere, where meteors burn up upon entry.

Thermosphere

A high-temperature atmospheric layer where satellites orbit and auroras (Northern and Southern Lights) occur.

Phase Changes of Matter

The physical processes through which matter transitions between solid, liquid, and gas states, including melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, sublimation, and deposition.