Instrumental and Vaughn Williams Related

Melodic decoration (Suspensions, appoggiatura) (2 pieces)

‘Symphonie Fantastique mvt 1’ - Berlioz

‘Love theme’ from Romeo and Juliet - Tchaikovsky

Lots of sequences

‘Piano trio in G minor’ - Clara Schumann

False recapitulation

Symphony No 3 mvt 1 - Beethoven

Imitation

Piano Trio in Bb mvt 1 - Schubert

Augmented 6th chords / circle of fifths / Interrupted cadence

Piano Sonata in F mvt 1 - Mozart

Double stopping

Gypsy Rondo mvt 3 - Haydn

Thick chords / Equal roles between instruments

Piano Trio in B major mvt 1 - Brahms

Virtuosic writing

Piano concerto 1 - Liszt

Exhaustive development of motifs

Piano concerto 3 mvt 1 - Beethoven

Minor tonality

Cello concerto in E minor - Elgar

Lydian mode

‘The Simpsons theme’ - Danny Elfman

Hexatonic scale

‘Juju’ - Wayne Shorter

Syncopation

‘Venus’ from the Planets - Holst

Time signature changes

Five pieces for piano - Schoenburg

Various tuplets / Complex rhythms

‘Time and motion study II’ - Ferneyhough

Harmonised in 4ths (2 pieces)

One Summer’s Day - Joe Hisaishi

Bredon hill - Vaughan Williams

Static harmony

‘Star Wars Main Theme’ - John Williams

Sustain pedal

Miroirs - Ravel

Motifs representing characters (2 pieces)

Funeral march - Wagner

Carmen - Bizet

Heroic leap

Also Sprach Zarathustra - Strauss

Rich in melody

Symphony no 4 - Brahms

Big tempo changes

‘New World Symphony mvt 1’ - Dvorak

Disturbances in tempo (Rests and pauses) / Half diminished chords

Prelude to Tristan und Isolde - Wagner (to represent forbidden love)

Dotted rhythm to denote heroic character / Tremolo

‘Don Juan’s theme’ - Strauss

Short development

‘Eine Kleine Nachtmusik mvt 1’ - Mozart

Pedal tone

Opening of the ‘Ring cycle’ - Wagner

Melismatic word painting

‘O Zittre Nicht’ from The Magic Flute - Mozart

False Relations

‘Piano concerto no 2 in G’ mvt 1 - Ravel

Lots of trills

‘Overture’ from The Wasps - Vaughan Williams

Pentatonic / Demisemiquavers

‘Pagodes’ - Debussy

Begins pentatonic and gradually becomes modal / Solo violin

‘The Lark Ascending’ - Vaughan Williams

Homorhythmic texture

‘The Augurs of Spring’ from ‘The Rite of Spring’ - Stravinsky

Tritone

‘Danse Macabre’ - Saint Saens

Register gets higher to show increase in emotions / Constant triplets

‘Erlkönig’ - Schubert

Movement in 6ths

‘Symphony no 2’ mvt 2 - Mahler

Contrasting textures

Clair de lune - Debussy

Sudden texture changes / Monophonic voice

‘Libera me’ from War Requiem - Britten

long semiquaver passages

Ballade no 1 in G minor - Chopin

Homophony

‘Symphony no 40’ mvt 1 - Mozart

Circle of fifths

‘Hallelujah chorus’ from Messiah - Handel

2 contrasting sections

‘Eine kleine nachtmusik mvt 1’ - Mozart

Non-functional harmony

Le gibet - Ravel

Romantic cello playing

Cello sonata - Rachmaninoff