HORT 301 GL

nematodes

what is a nematode

thin, thread-like organism

Enoplea class of nematode

mostly free-living

Chromadorea class of nematode

Symptoms of nemtodes

nodules, galls, or cysts on the root surface

How to manage natodes

grow resistant cultivars, crop rotations, solarization, flooding fields, chemical management, soil amendments, and biological control

Meloidogyne SPP.

Root knot nematode

how much money is lost due to root knot nematodes?

$10 billion

what knind of parasites are RKN?

obligate endoparasites

life cycle of nemtode

egg —> juvenile in egg —> juvenile leaves egg —> enter root through elongation zone —> establish feeding site (giant cell) on plant —> females form galls —> females lay eggs in galls —> other leave if they dont set up feeding sites to find new host

giant cell

organelle proliferation

enlarged and multi-nuclei

cell wall thickening and ingrowths

dense cytoplasm

critical in nematode parasitism

role of giant cell

to provide ample food to the nematode

What do nematodes use to pierce roots?

stylets

effector proteins

secreted through stylet

dorsal gland

secreted when optimal condition is found

subventral gland

secretes proteins during migration