reactions and reagents
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15 Terms
alc formation
aldehyde/ketone reduction by LiAlH4, NaBH4. ROH forms hemiacetals/hemiketals; HOH forms geminal diols
aldehyde formation
primary alcohol oxidation by PCC
ketone formation
secondary alcohol oxidation by Jones or PCC
carboxylic acid formation
primary alcohol oxidation by jones or kmno4. nitrile protonation/CN hydrolysis
transesterification
ester + alcohol → ester and alcohol
claisen condensation
ester + ester or ester + ketone → removal of one ester bond
esterification
carboxylic acid + alcohol —> ester and water
ester hydrolysis
ester and water —> alcohol + carboxylic acid
NaOEt
Claisen Condensation, acts as a deprotonating base to form enolate
AlCl3
friedel crafts electrophilic acyl substitution to aromatic ring, strong lewis acid accepts halide from acyl group to form carbocation
PCC
one step weak oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes and secondary alcohols to ketones
Jones
two step strong oxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids and secondary alcohols to ketones in aqueous
LiAlH4/LAH
strong reducer
NaBH4
weak reduction aldehydes to primary alcohols and ketones to secondary alcohols
KMnO4
two step strong oxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids and secondary alcohols to ketones