Population and Public Health Nursing: Core Concepts and Interventions

What is population health?

Health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of such outcomes within the group.

What is population health management?

A process of improving clinical health outcomes of a defined group of people within an integrated health system.

How does population health practice differ from individual disease treatment?

It includes the social determinants of health (SDOHs) and moves beyond individual disease and treatment.

What is the main focus of public health?

To protect and improve the health of communities through policy recommendations, health education, and research.

What is the definition of public health according to the CDC Foundation?

The science of protecting and improving the health of people and their communities.

What are the ten great public health achievements in the U.S. from 1900 to 1999?

Motor Vehicle Safety, Prevention & Control of Infectious Disease, Tobacco Control, Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Maternal and Infant Health, Cardio-vascular Disease Prevention, Occupational Safety, Cancer Prevention, Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention, Public Health Preparedness & Response.

What are the core functions of public health?

Assessment, Policy Development, and Assurance.

What are the 10 Essential Public Health Services?

These services guide public health efforts to ensure communities are healthy, safe, and resilient.

What are the five overarching goals of Healthy People 2030?

Attain healthy lives free of preventable disease, eliminate health disparities, create supportive environments, promote healthy development, and engage leadership for health improvement.

What are the key domains of social determinants of health (SDOH)?

Economic stability, education, social and community context, health and health care, neighborhood and built environment.

How does 'place' impact health?

It affects where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age, influencing health outcomes.

What are the determinants of health?

Biology and genetics, individual behavior, social determinants of health, social and environmental factors, and health care.

What is the difference between public health nursing and clinical nursing?

Public health nursing focuses on community health and prevention, while clinical nursing typically involves direct patient care in acute settings.

Who is Lilian Wald?

A pioneer in public health nursing known for her contributions to community health and nursing education.

What is the role of public health nurses (PHNs)?

To promote health, prevent disease, and address health disparities within communities.

What is the Public Health Intervention Wheel?

A framework for classifying public health interventions based on the natural history of disease and levels of prevention.

What is the significance of equity in public health?

Equity is essential for effective public health actions, ensuring that all populations have access to health resources and services.

What does the term 'health equity' mean?

The attainment of the highest level of health for all people, addressing disparities and ensuring fair access to health resources.

How has public health contributed to life expectancy in the U.S. since 1900?

Public health advancements have contributed to an increase in life expectancy by over 30 years, with 25 years attributed to public health improvements.

What is the role of community engagement in public health?

To involve community members in health initiatives and policy-making to ensure that public health efforts are relevant and effective.

What is the importance of Healthy People 2030?

It sets data-driven national objectives to improve health and well-being over the next decade.

What is the relationship between social determinants of health and health outcomes?

Social determinants significantly influence health outcomes, functioning, and quality of life, often limiting opportunities for good health choices.

What is the primary client of public health nursing?

The population is the client.

What principle guides public health nursing to benefit the most people?

Do the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

What is a key focus of public health nursing?

Improve health and prevent disease.

How do public health nurses work with clients?

They work with clients on an equal basis.

What type of prevention emphasizes improving the environment and social conditions?

Primary prevention.

What is the goal of public health nursing regarding resource use?

Optimal use of overall resources to improve the health of the greatest number of people.

What is a critical aspect of public health nursing practice?

Collaboration with other agencies.

What is the foundation of clinical nursing?

Relationship-based care grounded in an ethic of caring.

What is the focus of clinical nursing?

Sensitivity to diversity and holistic care.

What is the role of hospitals in population health nursing?

They act as partners in community health initiatives.

What is the purpose of disaster planning in public health nursing?

To prepare for and manage health crises effectively.

What is the focus of occupational health and wellness?

To promote health and safety in the workplace.

What is the role of nurse case management?

To coordinate care for patients with complex health needs.

What is telehealth?

Providing health care services remotely using technology.

What are the cornerstones of public health nursing?

Population focus, health improvement, equal client partnership, and resource optimization.

What does the Minnesota Wheel represent in public health nursing?

It outlines interventions public health nurses take to improve health status.

What are the stages of the Natural History of Disease?

Stage of susceptibility, early subclinical disease, clinical disease, recovery or disability.

What does primordial prevention address?

Social determinants of health to prevent health problems before they arise.

What is primary prevention?

Promoting health and preventing problems before they occur.

What is secondary prevention?

Detecting and treating problems early.

What is tertiary prevention?

Limiting further negative effects from an established health problem.

What is quaternary prevention?

Actions taken to protect patients from unnecessary medical interventions.

What is the significance of the Pima County Community Health Primary Needs Assessment?

It identifies outreach programs and services to address community health needs.

What are the ANA Standards of Public Health Nursing Practice based on?

The Nursing Process (ADPIE) and critical thinking.

What is the role of public health nurses in health education?

To provide information and resources to promote health and prevent disease.

What is the importance of sensitivity to diversity in clinical nursing?

It ensures respectful and effective care for all patients.

What is the goal of health teaching in public health nursing?

To empower individuals and communities to make informed health choices.

What is the purpose of health promotion in public health nursing?

To enhance the well-being of populations through education and advocacy.