Muscular System Gross Anatomy (STUDY)

Frontalis

Orgin : Occipital bone posterior side of skull into the anterior side

Insertion Insertion the skin of the eye brow and nose

Action :wrinkle the skin of the forehead and nose and raise the eyebrows

Orbicularis Oculi

Orgin : Orbit

Insert : Eyelids

Action : Close the eyes, produce winking, blinking, or squinting action

orbicularis oris

Orgin: The maxilla and the mandible

insert: Inserts onto the skin of the lips

Action : When this muscle contracts it compresses and presses the lips such as a kiss this can be called the kissing muscle

Buccinator

Orgin:Maxilla and mandible

Insertion : The skin of the cheeks

Action: Compress the cheeks to help hold food between the teeth during chewing

Action: Blowing,whistling

Zygomaticus

Orgin: Zygomatic Bone

Insertion: Insert into the skin corners of the mouth

Action: Smiling (elevates the corners of the mouth)

Platsyma

Orgin: Connective tissue of the chest called fossa

Insertion: Insert onto the skin of the mandible right at your chin

Action: Pulll the lower lip downward and wrinkle the skin of the neck and chest (muscle of horror)

Masseter

Orgin: Zygomatic Arch

Insertion: Onto the mandible

Action: Elevation of the mandible when it contracts (to close the mouth)

Temporalis

Orgin : On the temporal Bone

Insertion: Insert onto the mandible right underneath the masseter

Action. Elevate the mandible as if you are closing your mouth

Sternocleidomastoid

Orgin: Manubrium of the sternum and the medial clavicle they come together to form one muscle belly

Insertion: Inserts at the muscle belly

Action: If both sternocleidomastoid muscles connect it will cause neck flexion

If only one side contracts it will cause lateral flexion at the neck and a rotation

Rectus Abdominis

Orgin: Pubis

Insertion: Xiphoid process of the sternum

Action : Trunk flexion

External Abdominal Oblique

Orgin: Lower ribs , ribs 5 through 12

Insertion: The iliac crest

Action: Trunk/Waist Flexion, compressing the abdominal contents(the organs) to keep them where they belong

Internal Abdominal oblique

Orgin: Iliac crest and the línea alba

Insertion: Inserts on ribs

Action: Trunk flexion, compresses abdominal contents, rotates vertebra column

Transversus abdominis

Orgin: Iliac crest and lumbar vertebra

Insertion: Some lumbar vertebra and ribs 10 through 12

Action: Compresses abdominal contents

Quadratus Lumborum

Orgin: Iliac crest and lower lumbar vertebra

Insertion: It extends to the upper direction on the 12th rib and some upper lumbar vertebra

Action : Trunk and waist flexion

Trapezius

Orgin: External occipital protuberance, the spinous processes of C1 through T12

Insertion: Insert onto the lateral clavicle and the spine and the Acromion of the scapula

Action: Upper fibers elevate the scapula (shrugging shoulders)

MIDDLE fibers cause Scalpula retraction (pulling your shoulder blades together)

LOWER fibers pulls scapula downward for depression

Levator Scapulae

Orgin: The transverse process C1 through C4

Insertion: Inserts at the superior angle of scapula

Action: When the muscle contracts it pulls the insertion towards the Orgin and causes elevation of the scapula and downward rotation of the scapula

Pectoralis Major

Orgin: Medial Clavicle, sternum and costal cartilages of ribs 1 through 6

Insertion: Intertubercular groove humerus

Action : Adduction, medial rotation, flexion of the humerus at the shoulder joint

Deltoid

Orgin: Lateral clásico, Acromion process and spine of scapula

Insertion: Deltoid Tuberosity of the humerus

Action: Anterior (Flexion and medial rotation of humerus at the shoulder joint

Middle (Abduction of humerus at shoulder joint )

Posterior (Extension and lateral rotation of humerus at shoulder joint Middle)

Latissimus Dorsi

Orgin: Spinous processes of C7 through T12, thoracolumbat fascia, iliac crest

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of the humerus

Action: Extension adduction and medial rotation of the humerus at the shoulder joint

Supraspinatus

Orgin : Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Abduction of the humerus at the shoulder joint

Infraspinatus

Orgin: Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Lateral rotation of humerus at the shoulder joint

Teres Minor

Orgin: Lateral border of the scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Lateral rotation of the humerus at the shoulder joint

Subscapularis

Orgin: Subscapular fossa of scapula

Insertion: Lesser tubercle of the humerus

Action: Medial rotation of the humerus at the shoulder joint

Bíceps Brachii

Orgin: Long head supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Orgin: Short head Coracoid process of scapula

Insertion: Radial Tuberosity

Action : Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint forearm supination

Brachialis

Orgin: Anterior surface of humerus

Insertion: Cornoid proccess of ulna

Action: Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint

Brachioradialis

Orgin: Just superior to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: Styloid process of they radius

Action: Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint

triceps brachii

Orgin: Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Orgin: Lateral head: Superior posterior surface of humerus

Orgin: Medial head: Inferior posterior surface of humerus

Insertion: At the Olecranon process of ulna

Action: Extension of the forearm at the elbow

Short Head of Biceps Femoris

Semimembranosus

Long Head of Biceps Femoris

Semitendinosus

Gluteus Maximus

Iliotibial Tract

Tendon of Quadriceps Femoris

Vastus Medialis

Vastus Lateralis

Quadriceps Femoris

Gracilis

Rectus Femoris

Adductor Longus

Sartorius

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Iliopsoas

Fibrous Capsule of Glenohumeral Joint

Medial Head of Triceps Brachii

Long Head of Triceps Brachii

Teres Major

Orgin: Inferior angle of scapula

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus

Action: Medial rotation and adduction of the humerus at the shoulder joint

Long Head of Biceps Brachii

Short Head of Biceps Brachii

Longissmus Part of Erector Spinae

Iliocostalis Part of Erector Spinae

Erector Spinae

Spinalis Part of Erector Spinae

Semispinalis Capitis (Deep)

Rhomboid Minor

Orgin: C6 through T5

Insertion: Medial Border of Scalpula

Action: When they contract they cause retraction of the scapula pulling the shoulder blade to the mid line

Rhomboid Major

Orgin: C6 Through T5

Insertion : Medial border of scapula

Action: When they contract they cause retraction of the scapula pulling the shoulder blade to the middle

Thoracolumbar Fascia

Tendinous Intersections of Rectus Abdominis

Linea Alba

Serratus Anterior

Origin: Ribs 1-9

Action:

• Protraction (abduction) of scapula

• Serratus anterior is a prime mover in all reaching and pushing movements

• Superior rotation of scapula (directs glenoid cavity superiorly)

• Stabilizes scapula (holds it against thoracic wall)

Insertion: Scapula (medial border)

Splenius Capitis (Superficial to Semispinalis Capitis)

Anterior Rectus Sheath

Location: Anterior abdominal wall

Description:

• Anterior fibrous covering of rectus abdominis muscle

• Formed by aponeuroses (flat tendons) of external and internal abdominal oblique muscles

Gluteus Medius

Origin: Ilium (ala)

Insertion: Femur (greater trochanter)

Action:

• Abduction of thigh (non weight-bearing)

• Lowers pelvis on weight-bearing side