UNIT 4 Pt.1: Young America

Flashcards covering early US history from the election of 1800 through the Monroe administration.

What was significant about the Election of 1800?

First election with a clear choice for political parties.

What was the 'Revolution of 1800'?

Peaceful passing of power from Federalists to Democratic-Republicans, demonstrating the endurance of the US Constitution.

How did Jefferson attempt to build Federalist trust?

Maintaining Hamilton's national bank and debt repayment plan.

How did Jefferson embody Democratic-Republican ideals during his presidency?

Reduced military, repealed excise taxes, and lowered national debt.

What was the outcome of the Louisiana Purchase?

France sold the Louisiana Territory to the US for $15 million.

What was the impact of the Louisiana Purchase?

Removed French presence in North America and boosted Jefferson's popularity.

What did the Lewis and Clark Expedition achieve?

Expanded geography and science, improving US control over Oregon Territory and Native relations.

What was the impact of Jefferson's impeachment campaign?

Led to judges being more cautious and less partisan.

What infamous act is Aaron Burr known for?

Killed Hamilton in a duel.

What key principle was established in Marbury vs. Madison (1803)?

Established judicial review.

What was the impact of Fletcher vs. Peck (1806)?

Federal government would declare state laws unconstitutional.

What was the impact of Dartmouth College vs. Woodward (1819)?

Private institutions cannot be affected by state governments.

What principle was affirmed in McCulloch vs. Maryland (1819)?

Federal laws are supreme over state laws.

What was the impact of Cohens vs. Virginia (1821)?

Supreme Court could review state decisions involving federal government power.

What principle was established in Gibbons vs. Ogden (1821)?

Federal government had broad control over state commerce.

What resulted from Jefferson's refusal to pay tribute to the Barbary Pirates?

Led to sporadic war from 1801-1805 and won US respect/protection

What was the Chesapeake-Leopold Affair?

British Leopold fired on US Chesapeake, killing and impressing Americans.

What was the Embargo Act and its outcome?

US banned foreign trade, but devastated the US economy more than Britain.

What was the Nonintercourse Act of 1809?

Provided US could trade with all nations except Britain and France.

What was Macon's Bill #2?

If either Britain or France respected US rights at sea, the US would cease trade with the other nation.

What were key causes of the War of 1812?

British impressment of US sailors and support of Tecumseh.

Which groups opposed the War of 1812?

Federalists, New England merchants, and Quids.

What were some key US military victories during the War of 1812?

US naval victories on Lake Erie and Lake Champlain, and the Battle of the Thames.

What was the final battle of the War of 1812?

Battle of New Orleans.

What happened at the Hartford Convention?

Radical Federalists threatened secession from the US.

What was the impact of the Hartford Convention?

Ended Federalist power and set a later precedent for the South.

What were the terms of the Treaty of Ghent?

All pre-war boundaries and territory were returned, but it never addressed impressment.

What was the Tariff of 1816?

Raised tariff, the first protective tariff in US history.

What were the three parts of Henry Clay's American System?

Protective tariffs, 2nd national bank, and internal improvements.

What was the Panic of 1819?

Economic depression following the 2nd National Bank tightening credit to control inflation.

What was the Tallmadge Amendment?

Prohibited further import of slaves to Missouri and slaves emancipated at 25.

What were the key components of Clay's Missouri Compromise?

Admit Missouri as a slave state, admit Maine as a free state, and prohibit slavery north of 36°30'.

What was the Rush-Bagot Agreement?

Major disarmament pact with Britain.

What was agreed to in the Treaty of 1818 with Britain?

Shared fishing off Newfoundland.