Chapter 1 - Cells and it’s Organization

Nucleus

Contains the chromosomes and the hereditary material of the cell.

Cytoplasm

A jelly like substance in which all the organelles are suspended.

Chloroplasts

Present in only plant cells, contain chlorophyll, a green pigment which plays a vital role in photosynthesis.

Centrioles

Present in only animal cells, help with cell division.

Reb blood cells

Deliver oxygen to the body tissues via the blood.

• RBC

________ contain haemoglobin which binds with oxygen and transports it from the lungs to all parts of the body.

Mitochondria

Carry out aerobic respiration to release energy, this energy is used to carry out cellular activities.

movement of substances

It controls the ________ into and out of the cells.

Cell structure adaptations

________: root hair is long and narrow, this increases the surface area to volume ratio of the cell, so that water and mineral salts can be efficiently absorbed.

animal cell

In ________: store water and food substances.

functions of organisms

They are the basic building blocks of the structure and ________.

Function

________: Extend into the soil to absorb water and mineral salts.

Cell Membrane

A partially permeable and the outer most membrane of the cell.

Cell wall

present in only plant cells, made up of cellulose, gives the cell its shape and protects it from injury.

Xylem vessels

Conduct water and mineral salts from the roots to the leaves of the plant.

Root hair cells

Have a large surface area for faster uptake of water and mineral ions.