EAPP FLASHCARDS UNIT 1

REVIEWER

Paragraphs

are a collection of sentences that deal mostly with one topic or idea at a time.

text structure

One of the essential features of academic writing. is the way a writer organizes ideas in a text. It helps readers understand information and follow the author's message.

1. Description

2. Sequence

3. Cause and Effect

4. Compare and Contrast

5. Problem and Solution

Common Types of Text Structure

Description

Explains a topic by listing characteristics, features, or examples.

Sequence

Presents events or steps in the order they happen.

Cause and Effect

Shows why something happened and its results.

Compare and Contrast

Explains similarities and differences between two or more things.

Problem and Solution

Identifies a problem and suggests one or more solutions

Topic sentence

Supporting sentences

Concluding and/or transitional sentences

Structures of Paragraphs

Topic sentence

presents the main point of the paragraph

Supporting sentences

support the main idea of the paragraph

Transitional sentences

pave the way to the next idea in the next paragraph

Concluding sentences

close out the main idea by summing up the main idea

Illustration

Definition

Classification

Comparison and Contrast

Process

Patterns of Development of Paragraphs

Introduction

Body

Conclusion

Structure of a Three-Part Essay

Introduction

starts off the essay with ideas that will be discussed in the body.

Introduces the topic

Places the topic into context

Provides background information

Points out the aim of the text

Describes how the aim will be fulfilled

Provides a thesis statement for the text

Suggests what the findings are

Explains why the topic could be considered interesting

Catches the readers’ interest

Introduction includes:

THESIS STATEMENT

is a sentence (or sometimes two sentences) that expresses the main idea or central argument of an essay, research paper, or speech.

What the topic is

What position or argument you will make

What points you will discuss

A thesis statement tells the readers:

Clear and specific

Focused on one main idea

Debatable or informative

Guides the direction of the essay

CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD THESIS STATEMENT:

Topic + Main Idea/Argument + Supporting Points = Thesis Statement

Formula:

Body

is the main and most substantial part of the entire essay which:

Presents evidence to support the thesis statement

Can be broken down into parts

Present research and data

Analyze data

Discuss data thoroughly

The body should do the following:

Conclusion

Restates the thesis statement

Wraps up the essay

Gives opportunity to evaluate the topic

Should not present new material

IMRaD

stands for Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion, with a Conclusion.

IMRaD

aims to discuss research topics, explaining the topic and its intended purpose.

Structuring IMRaD: Introduction

Contains the context of the study and addresses what the study will entail

Can include the background of the study rather than an introduction

Should include the aim(s) of the study

Structuring IMRaD: Methods

explanation of how aims and research questions were fulfilled and answered

methods used to collect data and ways to analyze the said data

the research design for the entire study

Structuring IMRaD: Results

Objectively presents results from the data collected and analyzed

Presents data using charts, figures, and/or tables

Structuring IMRaD: Discussion

Reminds readers of the topic of the study

Analyzes and discusses presented results

Contains recommendations