The Living World

Nomenclature

Nomenclature

________ or naming is only possible when the organism is described correctly and we know to what organism the name is attached.

Photoperiod

________ affects reproduction in seasonal breeders, both plants and animals.

Non living objects

________ also grow if we take an increase in body mass as a criterion for growth.

Taxonomical studies

________ of all known organisms have led to the development of common categories such as kingdom, phylum or division (for plants), class, order, family, genus and species.

Insects

________ are preserved in ________ boxes after collecting, killing and pinning.

Linnaeus

________ used Systema Naturae as the title of his publication.

Fungi

________ multiply and spread easily due to the millions of asexual spores they produce.

scientific names

For plants, ________ are based on agreed principles and criteria, which are provided in International Code for Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN)

mammals

Larger animals like birds and ________ are usually stuffed and preserved.

Plants

________ respond to external factors like light, water, temperature, other organisms, pollutants, etc.

biodiversity

This refers to ________ or the number and types of organisms present on earth.

Human beings

________ belong to the species sapiens which is grouped in the genus Homo.

Herbaria

________ also serve as quick referral systems in taxonomical studies.

Unicellular organisms

________ grow by cell division.

Classification

________ is the process by which anything is grouped into convenient categories based on some easily observable characteristics.

Families

________ are characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species.

complex eukaryotes

All organisms, from the prokaryotes to the most ________ can sense and respond to environmental cues.

Potato

________ and Brinjal are two different species but both belong to the genus Solanum.

multicellular organisms

In ________, reproduction refers to the production of progeny possessing features more or less similar to those of parents.

large molecules

The metabolic reactions in which ________ are broken down into smaller ones are known as Catabolism.

metabolic reactions

The ________ which involve the synthesis of molecules are called Anabolism.

highest category

All animals belonging to various phyla are assigned to the ________ called Kingdom Animalia in the classification system of animals.

Planaria

In ________ (flatworms), we observe true regeneration, i.e., a fragmented organism regenerates the lost part of its body and becomes a new organism.

cell division

However, ________ occurs in certain tissues to replace lost cells.

International Code of Zoological Nomenclature

Animal taxonomists have evolved the ________ (ICZN)

Kingdom Plantae

The ________, is distinct and comprises all plants from various divisions.

Order Primata

________ comprising monkey, gorilla and gibbon is placed in class Mammalia along with order Carnivora which includes animals like tiger, cat and dog.

Specimens

________ are preserved in containers or jars in preservative solutions.

fungi

The ________, the filamentous algae, and the protonema of mosses, all easily multiply by fragmentation.

Metabolic reactions

________ can be demonstrated outside the body in cell- free systems.

scientific names

The ________ ensure that each organism has only one name.

Example

synthesis of proteins from amino acids

Example

Sugars are broken down into molecules of water and carbon dioxide to liberate energy i.e

Each name has two components

the Generic name and the specific epithet

Example

Mangifera indica

Examples

‘animals, ‘mammals and ‘dogs represent taxa at different levels

Example

Insects represent a group of organisms sharing common features like three pairs of jointed legs

Examples

Mangifera indica, Solanum tuberosum (potato) and Panthera leo (lion)