Chapter 1 (2)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gEUu-A2wfSE&utm_source=chatgpt.com

Six characteristics of living things

Organization, metabolism, growth and development, responsiveness, regulation, reproduction.

Metabolism,anabolism,catabolism

1 = all chemical reactions in the body.

2= builds up.

3 = breaks down.

Responsiveness vs Regulation

detect/react to stimuli vs adjust internal conditions to maintain stability.

Levels of organization

Chemical → Cellular → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organismal.

cellular vs chemical

atoms/molecules/macromolecules vs , the smallest living units.

Tissue level

Groups of similar cells performing a common function.

Four tissue types, Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous

covers/lines; supports/binds; movement; communication.

Organ vs Organ system

Organ = 2+ tissue types working together; Organ system = multiple organs working toward a common function.

Integumentary system

Skin/body covering; protection, temperature regulation, prevents water loss, sensory functions.

Skeletal system

Support/protection, mineral storage, blood cell production, muscle attachment.

Muscular system

Movement and heat production.

Nervous vs Endocrine systems

Nervous = rapid control/communication; Endocrine = hormone-based regulation.

Cardiovascular system

Heart, blood, vessels; transports gases, nutrients, hormones, and wastes.

Lymphatic system

Transports/filters lymph and helps immune defense.

Respiratory system

Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and blood.

Urinary system

Filters blood, removes wastes, produces and eliminates urine.

Digestive system

Digests food, absorbs nutrients, eliminates waste.

Reproductive system

Produces sex cells and sex hormones and enables reproduction.