Ancient Rome History

Rome History test flashcards

toga

A loose robe worn by citizens of Ancient Rome.

Pantheon

An ancient Roman temple dedicated to all the gods.

toga

A loose robe worn by citizens of Ancient Rome.

Pantheon

An ancient Roman temple dedicated to all the gods.

Colosseum

A large arena where events were held to entertain the Roman people.

Pax Romana

The period of peace in the Roman Empire that began with the reign of Octavian.

Cicero

Philosopher, lawyer, and member of the Senate; considered the greatest Roman orator.

Virgil

Roman poet who wrote the Aeneid; considered the greatest Roman poet.

Constantine I

Roman emperor who moves Rome’s capital to Constantinople; legalized Christianity; also known as “Constantine the Great.”

Theodosius I

Also known as “Theodosius the Great”; joint ruler of Rome from 379 to 392 and sole ruler of Rome from 392 to 395; opposed pagan beliefs and Arianism; divided the eastern and western parts of the Roman Empire under the rule of his two sons.

gladiator

An armed person who fought animals or other people in an arena such as the Colosseum.

Nero

Roman emperor who ordered the death of many Christians.

Stoicism

The philosophy that people should strive to be indifferent to pleasure and pain.

Epicureanism

The philosophy that happiness is the most important thing.

Pompey

General who was popular with the Senate for his accomplishments of turning Asia Minor, Syria, and Palestine into Roman provinces and for ridding the Mediterranean Sea of pirates; part of the triumvirate.

Triumvirate

An alliance among three rulers.

Julius Caesar

General who became dictator of Rome; part of the triumvirate.

Ides of March

The fifteenth day of March on the Roman Calendar; the day on which Julius Caesar was assassinated.

Mark Antony

Roman general who ruled the eastern part of the Roman Empire after forming an alliance with Octavian.

Crassus

A wealthy military leader; part of the triumvirate.

Gregorian calendar

The revised version of the Julian calendar; now used by most countries.

Senate

The most powerful branch of the government in the Roman Republic.

Consul

An official that was elected in the Roman Republic to serve for one year.

Republic

A government ruled by representatives chosen by the people.

Etruscan

An ancient civilization with a Hellenistic culture on the Italian Peninsula.

Patrician

A member of the wealthy ruling class in ancient Rome.

Plebeian

A member of the working class in ancient Rome.

Roman Forum

A public meeting place in ancient Rome.

Law of the Twelve Tables

The Roman law written on 12 bronze tablets.

Hannibal

General of Carthage; tried repeatedly to conquer Rime during the Second Punic War; one of the greatest generals in ancient history.