AP bio 1.1 structure of water and hydrogen bonding

what is a hydrogen bond?

a weak attraction that forms when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom.

where are hydrogen bonds found in water?

hydrogen bonds are found in between a hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of a neighboring water molecule.

where are hydrogen bonds found in DNA?

between the nitrogenous base pairs of the two complementary strands that form the double helix.

what is the structure of an amino acid?

a central carbon atom bonded to amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group(COOH), a hydrogen atom and an R-group.

what are the three options for the R group on an amino acid?

non polar(hydrophobic), uncharged polar(hydrophilic), and charged polar.

for each R group option, describe the polarity.

Polarity determined by the R groups tendency to form partial charged(polar) or to interact favorable with water.

what are three properties of water

Universal solvent, high specific heat, and cohesion

how did hydrogen bonding allow for each property?

creating strong flexible network of molecules.

describe why water is considered a polar molecule

both hydrogen (positive) and oxygen (negative) have opposite charges

using the properties of water, describe how water can move up a capillary tube to move from the roots to the leaves

capillary action which relies on cohesion and adhesion

using the properties of water, describe how a strider can walk on water

due to waters high surface tension, a property resulting from the cohesive forces between eater molecules that create a strong “skin” on surface.