HOSA Forensic Medicine Basic Study Sheet Qualifying Test 2018-2019

2 areas in Forensic Toxicology is employed

1) Postmortem drug testing
2) workplace drug testing

2 methods in estimating time elapsed since death using entomology

1) Development of blow flies over time- few hours to several weeks.
2)successional colonization of the body by a sequence of carrion insects- any time after death

2 reasons blow flies are attached to flesh

1) looking for a protein meal to allow their genitalia to develop
2) Mainly mature females are attracted because they are looking for a suitable place to lay their eggs.

3 tasks of the forensic anthropologist

1) identifying the victim and providing a biological profile
2) a taphonomic assessment
3) providing data regarding the death event, including evidence of trauma at perimortem period

4 goals of death investigation

1) determine cause
2) determine manner
3) determine mechanism
4) determine time of death

The 4 major tasks when documenting a crime scene

1)note taking
2)videography
3)photography
4)sketching; all 4 are necessary and non is an adequate substitute for another

4 types of traumatic deaths

1) mechanical
2) thermal
3) chemical
4) electrical

5 things to be included in the forensic anthropology report

1) Chain of Custody
2) Tamphonomic assessment
3) Biological Profile
4) Identification characteristics and interpretation
5) Description of trauma

5 types of traumatic deaths

1) Mechanical
2) Chemical
3) Thermal
4) Electrical
5) Asphyxial
(MACET)

1892

When the first criminal fingerprint identification was made

AAS

atomic absorption spectroscopy; technique for metal analysis utilizing the reduction of a metal in a solution to an atom, usually by a flame

ABO

a basic classification system for blood types based upon the reaction of antigens and antibodies.

ABO blood groups

Human antigenic system designating the blood groups A, B, AB, and O.

Abrasion

a scraping type of wound

accidental death

Death occurs due to an injury or poisoning that was unintentional.

According to the model of forensic nursing, what are the three sources for the knowledge base of forensic nursing?

1) Nursing Science
2) Forensic Science
3) Criminal Justice

Accuracy

ability of a measurement to match the value of the quantity measured; correctness

Adipocere

Waxy fat; happens with bodies under water

ADME

Abbreviation for the stages that describes how a drug moves through the body. Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion

AFIS

Automated Fingerprint Identification System

Albert Osborn

Developed the fundamental principles of document examination

Alec Jeffreys

Geneticists that developed DNA testing

Algor Mortis

Cooling of the body that occurs during death. This obviously varies greatly; normal temperature is approximately 98.6° and this is maintained one to three hours after death then the body begins to cool at a rate of approximately 1.5°C per hour

Alkaloid

Examples are cocaine, nicotine, strychnine, caffeine, and morphine.

All of the following are types of strangulation except ?

Lynching

Alphonse Bertillon

Devised the first scientific system of personal identification 1879

Amphetamine

Controlled substance along with its analogs, such as methamphetamine that creates a state of wakefulness, euphoria, and excitatory condition (stimulation)

Amylases

Enzymes found primarily in saliva

Analgesics

Drugs that relieve pain

Anatomic pathology

Analysis of tissue samples

aneurysm

Weakening of the wall of an artery

Angle of impact

90° - the resulting bloodstain will be circular in shape; less than 90° - create an elliptical bloodstain

anoxia

Without oxygen

Antemortem

before death

antemortem trauma

injury to a body that occurs during life. anthropologist can determine this by the presence of scars or callus at the site of fractures

Anteroposterior compression fractures of hyoid is seen in?

Hanging

Anthropometry

the study of human body measurements. the word is derived from the Greek anthropos, meaning man.

Antigens

Foreign substances in the body that are capable of causing disease. The presence of antigens triggers an immune response usually the production of antibodies.

Arch

Least common and simplest fingerprint pattern. They have no delta or core. All ridges enter one side and exit the other

arson

The intentional and unlawful burning of a building or other property

arteriosclerosis

hardening of the arteries

Asphyxia death with black colored mucosa of stomach is seen in poisoning with?

Carbon monoxide

association evidence

establishes a relationship between objects. ex-glass, hairs, bullets, fingerprints

Asystole

Condition in which the heart stops beating

Autolysis

Self loosen; occurs inside the body and affects internal organs, including the brain; Breakdown of organs in a dead body

Benzidine

A raegent that was once widely used in a presumptive test for blood. No longer used because it is carcinogen.