In Class Notes 10/3: The Role of Play in Development

Play

A universal activity that allows children to learn and practice physical, cognitive, and social skills.

Solitary Play

Playing alone, unaware of others.

Onlooker Play

Watching others play without interacting.

Parallel Play

Playing with similar toys but not interacting.

Associative Play

Interacting with others while not playing the same game.

Cooperative Play

Playing together, taking turns, and following rules.

Social Skills Development

Skills developed through play, enabling cooperative interactions by the end of preschool.

Role of Peers

Peers provide social information and models essential for developing social skills.

Rough and Tumble Play

A type of play mimicking aggression through wrestling or chasing, aiding social understanding.

Social Dramatic Play

Play that allows children to act out roles and themes, helping them understand social roles.

Impact of Lack of Play

Limited social play can lead to unhappiness and fewer social skills, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Excessive Screen Time

Can negatively affect children's development, including social skills and emotional regulation.

American Academy of Pediatrics Recommendations

Suggests no more than 1 hour of screen time per day for preschoolers.

Changes in Screen Time

Trends show increasing total screen time and mobile device usage over the years.

Behavioral Problems

Excessive screen time is associated with behavioral issues in children.

Interactive Media

Media that allows user interaction, beneficial for learning when used with parental involvement.

Parenting Styles

Varying approaches to parenting that influence children's development and behavior.

Authoritarian Parenting

High standards and strict punishment with low communication.

Permissive Parenting

High nurturing with low discipline and few rules.

Authoritative Parenting

Balanced approach with reasonable expectations and two-way communication.

Uninvolved Parenting

Low warmth and communication, often neglectful.

Long-Term Outcomes

Involved parents lead to better outcomes; uninvolved parents risk negative effects on children.

Corporal Punishment

Discipline methods that inflict physical pain, often ineffective long-term.

Psychological Control

Discipline involving threats to withdraw love and support.

Time Out

A discipline method separating the child from activities for a period.

Induction or Reasoning

Explaining to children why their behavior was wrong, effective with older children.

Taking Away Privileges

A discipline method that involves removing toys or privileges as a consequence.