General Biology Reviewer (Klyd) (copy)

studied byStudied by 42 People
0.0(0)
Get a hint
hint

Aristotle

1/98

Tags & Description

Studying Progress

New cards
98
Still learning
0
Almost done
0
Mastered
0
98 Terms
New cards

Aristotle

Father of Biology/ Greatest Ancient Scientist.

New cards
New cards

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

First single-lens microscope; Father of Microbiology/Microscope; Discovered animalcules

New cards
New cards

Rudolf Virchow

All living cells come from pre-existing living cells/Omnis cellula e cellula.

New cards
New cards

Robert Hooke

Father of Cytology ; Cell discovery in a thin slice of cork; Discovered the "cellula" (cells).

New cards
New cards

Robert Brown

He discovered the Nucleus.

New cards
New cards

Theodore Schwann

"All animals are composed of cells"

New cards
New cards

Matthias Schleiden

"All plants are composed of cells"

New cards
New cards

Thomas Beddoes

He introduced the term "Biology" in 1799.

New cards
New cards

Zacharias and Hans Janssen

Made the first compound microscope

New cards
New cards

Walther Flemming

Discovered the steps involved in cell division

New cards
New cards

Hermann Fol

The first person to see the union of egg and sperm cells

New cards
New cards

Ernst Ruska

Made the first electron microscope

New cards
New cards

Louis Pasteur

Microorganisms can cause contagious diseases

New cards
New cards

Jan Evangelista Purkinje

Thick, jelly-like protoplasm

New cards
New cards

Felix Dujardin

Internal, jelly-like substance "sarcode"

New cards
New cards

Robert Remak

He proved the idea of cell division by hardening of the cell membrane.

New cards
New cards

Romans

They already invented and experimented with glasses during the first century.

New cards
New cards

Cytology

Study of the cells

New cards
New cards

Bios

It means "life"

New cards
New cards

Logus

It means "study"

New cards
New cards

Microscope

An instrument that is used to observe objects that can't be seen by the unaided eye; Biologist use this as their chief investigation tool.

New cards
New cards

Lentil

The word "lens" is derived from the latin word _____.

New cards
New cards

Microscopy

The procedure to use microscope; technical field in using microscope to view samples.

New cards
New cards

•Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. •All organisms are made up of cells. •Cells come from pre-existing cells.

3 basic cell theory

New cards
New cards

Cells

The building blocks of life

New cards
New cards

Cellula

Tiny boxes

New cards
New cards

Unicellular

One celled

New cards
New cards

Multicellular

Many celled

New cards
New cards

Organelles

Cell structures that perform these specific functions. Are like machines in a factory, each with a specific role.

New cards
New cards

•Cytoplasm •Nucleus •Cell membrane

Fundamental parts of cell

New cards
New cards

Cytoplasm

Machinery of the cell; Where the main metabolic life activities takes place.

New cards
New cards

Cytoplasm

Jelly-like substance that holds the cell organelles in place; site of many chemical reactions

New cards
New cards

Nucleus

Where the genetic material stored

New cards
New cards

Nucleus

DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis; assembly of ribosomes

New cards
New cards

Cell membrane

Surrounds the cytoplasm

New cards
New cards

Cell membrane

Separates cell from outside; controls what enters and leaves the cell; recognizes signals from other cells

New cards
New cards

Mitochondria

Powerhouse of the cell; Conversion of chemical energy of food to chemical energy of ATP

New cards
New cards

Golgi body

Modification and transport of macromolecules; formation of lysosomes and transport vesicles

New cards
New cards

White blood cells

Most number of lysosomes

New cards
New cards

Rough ER

Synthesis of membrane lipids and proteins, secretory proteins, and hydrolytic enzymes; formation of transport vesicles; for production

New cards
New cards

Smooth ER

Lipid synthesis; detoxification in liver cells; to transport.

New cards
New cards

Ribosomes

Protein synthesis / Makes protein

New cards
New cards

Lysosomes

Suicide bag; Digestion of ingested food, bacteria, and a cell's damaged organelles and macromolecules for recycling

New cards
New cards

Vacuoles

Food and fluid reservoir of the cell; digestion; storage of chemicals; cell enlargement; water balance.

New cards
New cards

Peroxisomes

Diverse metabolic processes, with breakdown of H²O² by-product

New cards
New cards

Centrioles

Helpers in cell division.

New cards
New cards

Cytoskeleton

Structural support; movement; road for transportation; framework of cell

New cards
New cards

Cell wall

Nonliving permeable wall that surrounds the cell membrane; encloses and supports the cell

New cards
New cards

Eukaryotic cells

Contain nuclear materials enclosed by a nuclear membrane; True nucleus

New cards
New cards

Prokaryotic cells

Contains nuclear materials not enclosed by a nuclear membrane; Doesn't have a true nucleus

New cards
New cards

•Protozoa •Protists

2 types of eukaryotes or prokaryote.

New cards
New cards

Tissues

group of cells, have the same functions as cell; are specialized, and their structure enables them to perform a specific task

New cards
New cards

Organs

Tissues group together

New cards
New cards

Organ system

Group of organs as one

New cards
New cards

Organisms

Group of organ systems

New cards
New cards

Muscular tissues

have cells with the most mitochondria

New cards
New cards

Nervous tissue

type of tissue would make up the majority of the brain and spinal cord

New cards
New cards

Epithelial tissue

type of tissue that would be found in the epidermis; Structure through which the tissue is found

New cards
New cards

Epithelial Tissue

also called the epithelium, occur as sheets of tightly packed cells that cover body surfaces and line internal organs and cavities.

New cards
New cards

Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue

type of tissue would be found in the blood vessels and respiratory tract; air sacs of the lung, blood vessels, heart

New cards
New cards

Basal Lamina

The apical (basal) surface of an epithelium is attached to the _

New cards
New cards

Muscular Tissues

helps cause movement and change in the shape of some body parts

New cards
New cards

Simple Epithelium

Has a single layer of cells

New cards
New cards

Stratified Epithelium

Has multiple layers

New cards
New cards

Pseudostratified epithelium

Single layered but appears stratified because the cells vary in length

New cards
New cards

Squamous epithelial tissues

Have flat cells like floor tiles.

New cards
New cards

Columnar epithelial tissue

Have brick like cells on end

New cards
New cards

Cuboidal Epithelial Tissues

Have cube cells like dice; Kidney tubules, glands, surface of ovary

New cards
New cards

Stratified Squamous Epithelial Tissue

Skin; Vagina; Esophagus; Mouth

New cards
New cards

Simple Columnar Epithelial Tissue

Usually lined up with microvilli, type of cell modification that helps in increasing the surface area for absorption; Digestive track, gall bladder, excretory ducts of some glands.

New cards
New cards

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelial Tissue

Type of tissue usually lined with cilia, type of cell modification that sweeps the mucus; Bronchi, trachea, uterine tubes, some portions of the uterus

New cards
New cards

Connective Tissue

helps protect, support, and bind organs and other tissues.

New cards
New cards

Connective tissue

type of tissue would form ligaments, tendons, fat and bone

New cards
New cards

Loose Areolar Connective Tissue

Soft and pliable tissue that acts as packing and binding material throughout the body; Skin, organs, glands, blood vessels, peripheral nerves

New cards
New cards

Fibrous Connective Tissue

Linkage of muscles and bones; Tendons and ligaments

New cards
New cards

Adipose Tissue

Stores fat as food reserve , pads and insulates the body, protects the skin and other organs, and stores energy; Parts with fat storage

New cards
New cards

Cartilage

Consists of chondrocytes that form a strong but flexible skeletal material; ends of bones, respiratory tract, sutures, ear, nose, epiglottis, intervertebral discs

New cards
New cards

Supportive Tissue

Consists of osteoblast that form a matrix of collagen fibers embedded in calcium salts; Bones

New cards
New cards

Vascular Tissue

Consists of liquid extracellular matrix called plasma and formed elements, functions to transport substances from one part of the body to another and in immunity; Blood

New cards
New cards

Nervous Tissue

senses stimuli and transmits signals called nerve impulses.

New cards
New cards

Dendrite

Conveys signals from its tip toward the rest of the neuron

New cards
New cards

Axon

Transmit signals toward another neuron or to a muscle cell

New cards
New cards

Plastids

membrane-bound organelle found in the cells of plants; colored pigments

New cards
New cards

Chromoplast

Colored plastid

New cards