byu part 1 all questions apush

Which of these is NOT true of periodization?
It divides history into different time periods.
It is done by human decisions and is open to question.
It emphasizes some themes over others.
It makes history more complicated and harder to grasp.

It makes history more complicated and harder to grasp.

What is the third question you should ask to help you make better sense of all the information you will be learning in this class?
When will it all be over?
What is this?
Why does this matter?
How am I going to remember this?

How am I going to remember this?

How many kinds of questions will you be asked on the AP U.S. History test?
seven
nine
three
four

four

What was going on in 1650 in North America?
British colonies were growing.
French soldiers were helped by U.S. forces in World War II.
The American Revolution was fought.
The United States was industrializing.

British colonies were growing.

The Native Americans north of Mexico who irrigated the most and depended on farming the most lived in the .
Great Plains
Eastern Woodlands
Arctic
Southwest

Southwest

The most powerful civilization in Mesoamerica by 1492 was that of the .
Incas
Olmecs
Mayans
Aztecs

Aztecs

What does recent scholarship suggest about the earliest Americans?
Far larger populations than historians previously thought came to the Americas before 15,000 BC.
People migrated to the Americas from a far greater diversity of places than historians thought before.
Far more wars occurred between the earliest groups of Americans than historians had known before.
Far better technology was brought by the earliest Americans from their previous homelands than historians had thought before.

People migrated to the Americaa from a far greater diversity of places than historians thought before.

In general, Native American religious beliefs .
were focused on worshipping one supreme god through a calendar of rituals throughout the year
never involved human sacrifice, contrary to many legends
were based on many gods or spirits tied to the elements of nature
were surprisingly similar to that of Western Europe at the time

were based on many gods or spirits tied to the elements of nature

Where did Spain have settlements north of Mexico by 1607?
St. Augustine and Santa Fe
Argentina and Brazil
Encomiendas and Balboa.
California and Texas

St. Augustine and Santa Fe

Which of the following is most true of early Spanish colonization in the Americas?
Cortés conquered the Aztecs and Pizarro conquered the Incas.
No Spaniards had any concern for the well-being of the Native Americans.
The biggest concern of the conquistadors was to convert Native Americans to Catholicism.
Spanish settlers were most interested in developing strong trade ties to China.

Cortés conquered the Aztecs and Pizarro conquered the Incas.

Which of these was NOT a reason why Europe was more willing and ready to explore across the Atlantic by 1492 than it had been in earlier centuries?
The European population had grown significantly since the ravages of the Black Death.
Marco Polo had developed a better kind of ship for exploring the Atlantic Ocean, the caravel.
European nations became more united and powerful under kings and queens.
There was a growing demand in Europe for Asian products such as spices, cloths, and dyes.

Marco Polo had developed a better kind of ship for exploring the Atlantic Ocean, the caravel.

Which of these did Christopher Columbus actually accomplish?
He opened the door for many overseas Spanish colonies.
He found a faster sailing route to Asia from Europe.
He proved the world was round.
He explored significant parts of what would become the United States.

He opened the door for many overseas Spanish colonies.

Which of these is true of French colonization in the Americas?
The first permanent French foothold in North America was at St. Augustine in 1565.
In the 1500s, the French had more success fishing and pirating than in establishing permanent colonies.
By 1600 the French colonies rivaled those of Spain in size, population, and wealth.
French coureurs de bois preached and converted many Indians to French Protestantism.

In the 1500s, the French had more success fishing and pirating than in establishing permanent colonies.

What did the Dutch want in North America when they established New Netherland?
tobacco
silk
furs
gold

furs

Which of these is a reason the English grew more interested in the Americas in the 1500s?
They rejected the doctrines of mercantilism that were so popular in other European nations.
They wanted to spread Catholicism to areas of the Americas the Spanish had been unable to reach.
There was a greater desire for land, something increasingly scarce in England thanks to wool production.
English explorers were eager to conquer large areas of land and form their own empire to rival that of Spain.

There was a greater desire for land, something increasingly scarce in England thanks to wool production.

English colonizing in the 1500s can best be described in what way?
One failed attempt after another.
As extensive as Spanish colonizing.
Almost complete success in North America.
Finally a successful colony!

One failed attempt after another.

The biggest consequence of the Columbian Exchange was .
the deaths of mass numbers of Native Americans due to disease
the transportation of corn from the Old World to the New World
the decline of African slavery due to an increase in Native American laborers
the large-scale raising of llamas and alpacas (and some guinea pigs) on the steppes of Central Asia

the deaths of mass numbers of Native Americans due to disease

West African cities like Timbuktu grew rich in the centuries before 1492 largely due to .
warfare
farming
religion
trade

trade

African slavery grew most dramatically in the centuries after 1492 due to the need for labor for .
corn
tobacco
sugar
sorghum

sugar

Many scholars of this time period now look at what was going on the New World in the larger context of .
the Caribbean Cosmos
the Atlantic World
the Oceanic Emporium
the Great Diaspora

the Atlantic World

Why isn't history always the same as reality?
We do not have direct access to past events but have to work through sources.
Too much time has gone by for a realistic history to be written.
Those who write history are always trying to make someone look bad.
It is too expensive to write fully accurate history.

We do not have direct access to past events but have to work through sources.

Bartolomé de Las Casas is complicated as a historian because .
he did not witness any of the things he described because he was too far away from the scene
he did not have any legitimate sources to support his conclusions
he was a Spanish author who was too sympathetic to the Spanish subjects of his history
he was trying very hard to get the New Laws passed in Spain at the time he was writing

he was trying very hard to get the New Laws passed in Spain at the time he was writing

A source in history is .
anything that can say something about the event in question
a written document that can tell us about the past
anything that has ever existed
something someone famous in history produced

anything that can say something about the event in question

A primary source in history .
is the most important source about the event the history is about
was present at the event in question
is a fundamental, elementary source that a historian of that event cannot do without
was the first source produced about the subject in question

was present at the event in question

What was the most significant part of the Columbian Exchange?
The long-term consequences of coffee.
The profits made from growing tobacco.
The impact of turkeys on the Old World.
The effects of diseases in the New World.

The effects of diseases in the New World.

Calling the time from 1815 to 1824 the Era of Good Feelings is an example of .
fragmentation
periodization
secondary sources
repetition

periodization

Overall in the biological and cultural exchanges that happened between the Old World and the New World, .
more Americans went to Europe than Europeans went to the Americas
no New World crops turned out to be important to the rest of the world
the Old World gave nothing to the inhabitants of the New World that benefited them
things turned out, whether intended or not, in ways that favored European colonizers

things turned out, whether intended or not, in ways that favored European colonizers

History as we study it is made up of .
past reality
dates, more dates, and still more dates (but only if you don't use the overview as you should)
sources and historians
the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth

sources and historians

Which of these is most true of the colonies north of Mexico by 1610?
The half brothers Gilbert and Raleigh usually got the results they wanted.
It was not the golden age for English colonial ventures.
The first permanent English settlement was Roanoke.
The Dutch put in a permanent settlement before the English did.

It was not the golden age for English colonial ventures.

There can be controversy in history for all of these reasons EXCEPT .
even when we know what happened in the past, why those things happened and why they mattered are usually open to argument
sources don't say everything that happened in the past, so historians have to fill in the gaps with their best guesses
different historians have different views about what matters most about the past
the only sources that have any value are primary sources; secondary sources should always be avoided

the only sources that have any value are primary sources; secondary sources should always be avoided

Which of these was true of African societies before 1607?
African peoples were widely spread out in organizations no larger than tribes.
Many were matrilineal: property passed through the mother's line.
The demand for labor on cotton plantations caused the largest number of Africans to be enslaved.
Africans had never experienced slavery before European ships arrived.

Many were matrilineal: property passed through the mother's line.

When did the French and Indian War start?
1800
1848
1945
1754

1754

Which of these practices would be most consistent with Native American beliefs in general?
meditating for extended periods to put the mind and body in proper harmony
studying the right relationships so families and societies could live in peace
fasting or dancing to come into closer contact with significant spirits
praying to the one true god for wisdom and guidance

fasting or dancing to come into closer contact with significant spirits

Which of these could Columbus correctly be called?
The first navigator to accurately map the Americas
The first human to set foot on any part of the Americas: North, Central, or South
The first person to discover the Americas for Europe in a way that made a big difference
The first European to find any part of the Americas

The first person to discover the Americas for Europe in a way that made a big difference

The driving economic philosophy of all the colonizing countries in this age was .
humanitarianism
Protestantism
Puritanism
mercantilism

mercantilism

North of Mexico, both the French and the Dutch colonists in the 1600s .
practiced Catholicism
mined large amounts of gold and silver
fought major wars against each other
traded for furs with Native Americans

traded for furs with Native Americans

The Spanish settlements north of Mexico before 1607 .
were located mostly in California and Texas
experienced no troubles with the Indians around them
were the most prosperous and desirable destinations for Spanish settlers in the Americas
were not terribly strong or heavily populated compared with settlements to the south

were not terribly strong or heavily populated compared with settlements to the south

Which of these is NOT helpful in making sense of large amounts of information?
Forging connections between the facts you are studying and larger issues.
Making sure your brain is actively identifying and organizing what you are reading about.
Letting what you are reading sweep you away to some distant historyland.
Looking for patterns and other ways to provide order for the information.

Letting what you are reading sweep you away to some distant historyland.

According to the traditional story of archaeologists and anthropologists, before recent discoveries were made, the first Americans .
came to the Americas in boats from different continents at different times
crossed a land bridge connecting ancient Siberia and Alaska
arrived not long before the Vikings
had always lived in the Americas

crossed a land bridge connecting ancient Siberia and Alaska

Bartolomé de Las Casas .
was a merchant who became a priest out of concern for Native Americans
never actually spent any time in the Americas even though he wrote a lot about them
succeeded in getting the New Laws passed by the king of Spain and strictly enforced in the Americas
was a conquistador who admired Cortés so much that he tried to lead his own conquering expedition

was a merchant who became a priest out of concern for Native Americans

Someone who studied the Atlantic World would most likely focus on .
trade networks between the Dutch, Native Americans, and Africans
Columbus's background and early education
significant sea life of which the Europeans were aware at the time
a blow-by-blow account of how Pizarro defeated the Incas

trade networks between the Dutch, Native Americans, and Africans

Which of these is true of the civilizations of Mesoamerica before 1492?
All civilizations in that time and place lived by hunting and gathering.
The Aztecs lost a series of major wars to the Incas.
The Mayans developed their agriculture, mathematical system, and calendar beyond what earlier peoples had done.
The correct chronological sequence of civilizations was Mayan, Aztec, Olmec.

The Mayans developed their agriculture, mathematical system, and calendar beyond what earlier peoples had done.

Which of these allowed European nations to explore the Atlantic better by the 1400s than they had before?
Religious restrictions on sailing the seas had been ended.
They had stronger monarchs who could sponsor such voyages.
They had finally conquered the Mongols.
They had direct access to the wealth of Asia to finance these expeditions.

They had stronger monarchs who could sponsor such voyages.

What was going on in the United States in 1880?
The colonies were revolting against the British.
The country was worried about the Soviet Union.
The United States was becoming deeply involved in foreign affairs.
The nation was seriously industrializing.

The nation was seriously industrializing.

Which of these is NOT true of the Spanish-American empire in the Americas before 1492?
It included no part of South America because that continent was claimed by Portugal.
Pizarro gained a lot of wealth and attention in Peru when he conquered the Incas.
Its mines produced much more gold and silver than those of the rest of the world combined.
Cortés gained a lot of wealth and attention in Mexico when he conquered the Aztecs.

It included no part of South America because that continent was claimed by Portugal.

For historians, Las Casas causes difficulties because .
he did not have any sources for what he asserted
he may have oversimplified the characters of the Native Americans and the Spanish due to devotion to his cause
he once owned an encomienda so he cannot be trusted in anything he says about Spanish America
he is always unreasonable in the conclusions he reached from his sources

he may have oversimplified the characters of the Native Americans and the Spanish due to devotion to his cause

Which major development of the 1500s and 1600s added a strong new religious division to the colonizing countries?
The Renaissance
The Enlightenment
The Endarkenment
The Reformation

The Reformation

North of Mexico, Native Americans before 1492 .
settled most significantly on the Great Plains due to the abundance of buffalo and generally avoided the more desolate environments
built cities larger than Tenochtitlán
usually spoke some variety of the Cahokia language
used different combinations of hunting and gathering, fishing, and farming to make their living depending on their environment

used different combinations of hunting and gathering, fishing, and farming to make their living depending on their environment

Which of these was most responsible for the long-term success of Jamestown?
Pocahontas
sugar
tobacco
John Smith

tobacco

One of the main differences between the settlers of New England and the settlers of the Chesapeake was that in New England the reasons for the original settlement were more .
spiritual
royal
pro-Spanish
materialistic

spiritual

Because of Bacon's Rebellion, what grew more popular in the Chesapeake?
the privileges of the governor
slavery
limiting western settlement
corn

slavery

Which of the following was much more important in Maryland than in Virginia?
sugar
tobacco
Catholicism
Protestantism

Catholicism

The main struggle for control of New England in the late 1600s was .
Opechancanough's Rebellion
the Pequot War
Popé's Rebellion
King Philip's War

King Philip's War

Who settled South Carolina early and most strongly affected how it ran?
Barbadians
The eight lords proprietor
Puritans escaping persecution in England
Immigrants from Spanish Florida

Barbadians

New York become New York because .
it was named after Old York in England by its proprietor, Lord Baltimore
it was named Constantinople until it was conquered from the French by General York
it was sold to the English by the Native American chief whose name was Latinized to Yorkus
the restored king gave the land to his brother, the Duke of York, and he had it taken from the Dutch

the restored king gave the land to his brother, the Duke of York, and he had it taken from the Dutch

Among other things, William Penn and his Quakers believed in the radical idea (for the times) that .
they should dress as ornately as possible to symbolize their status as children of God
the Native Americans ought to be eradicated if they did not convert
only their religion should be allowed in their colony
all people were essentially equal before God so there should not be social distinctions

all people were essentially equal before God so there should not be social distinctions

Who won the English Civil War by 1649?
Parliament
Cavaliers
Royalists
King Charles I

Parliament

Georgia, the last of the thirteen colonies by far, was founded to guard against the Spanish and to .
grow sugar
attract more indentured servants
help debtors
sell more African slaves

help debtors

In the "middle grounds," .
there was little contact between Europeans and Native Americans
Native American tribes pushed back European colonies
each participant adapted somewhat to the needs of the others
European colonies conquered Native American tribes

each participant adapted somewhat to the needs of the others

What shaped life in the British Caribbean more than anything else?
tobacco
the Puritan experiment
royal declarations
sugar

sugar

The Spanish expanded into California and fortified it largely due to concerns about the .
Virginians
Germans
Puritans
Russians

Russians

Which was most true of colonial trade in the early 1700s?
Despite difficulties, merchants traded in the routes that made the most sense to them.
It was weak because most Americans already owned most of the tools and supplies they needed.
It was dominated by the one enormous triangular trade.
Consumerism was gradually declining in the colonies.

Despite difficulties, merchants traded in the routes that made the most sense to them.

What stopped the strong imperial consolidation of James II?
The Glorious Revolution
The Navigation Acts
The Saugus Iron Works
The Dominion of New England

The Glorious Revolution

What was the biggest sign that the British government wanted to bring order to the colonial economy?
the Navigation Acts
the Orders in Council
Bacon's Rebellion
King Philip's War

the Navigation Acts

Which colonial region grew the most valuable cash crops?
South
Middle
Far West
New England

South

Which of these was the most common form of slave resistance in colonial times?
attacking the master or overseer
subtle defiance of the master's will
attempts to run away to Spanish Florida
violent uprisings such as the Stono Rebellion

subtle defiance of the master's will

In return for a few years of their labor, indentured servants most often received .
a large plantation
their passage to America
the release of their family members from service
a commission in the navy

their passage to America

An important difference between populations in the Chesapeake and in New England was that in the Chesapeake .
diseases were much less deadly
there began to be many more men than women
women were not expected to give birth to a lot of children
family structures were much less stable

family structures were much less stable

Puritan communities were unusual because .
children were very independent from their parents as they set out on their own in life
they held town meetings, the most democratic representation in the colonies
they were relatively calm due to neighbors living in harmony with each other
they held witchcraft trials throughout the colonial period

they held town meetings, the most democratic representation in the colonies

In the colonial population of the 1700s, .
the number of indentured servants rose compared to the number of slaves
slaves began to be held for only a few years instead of for life
African slavery became more established for racial reasons only
the number of immigrants from areas outside England grew

the number of immigrants from areas outside England grew

Which of these was most true of religion in the colonies?
Jews and Catholics were welcomed in all of the colonies.
The Puritans were pleased with the level of religious faith in their communities over time.
Even though New York had an established faith, it also had a lot of religious diversity.
Unlike Europe, there were no established religions in the colonies.

Even though New York had an established faith, it also had a lot of religious diversity.

Because of the first Great Awakening, .
individual preachers became less important
the Enlightenment was started in the colonies
wives and children became more dependent on their families
many existing church congregations were divided

many existing church congregations were divided

One way in which colonial legal traditions became different from those in England was .
the colonies developed a stronger freedom of the press
colonials did not have governors or other king-like figures
colonials did not worry about English rights or trial by jury
the colonies had no representative assemblies

the colonies developed a stronger freedom of the press

The earliest universities in the colonies were founded to .
teach Enlightenment sciences
train religious ministers
prepare young men for careers in business and trade
increase the very low colonial literacy rates

train religious ministers

Which of the following was NOT typical in the English indenture system?
Most indentured servants received significant land upon completion of their contracts.
Female indentured servants were typically not allowed to marry while under contract.
The presence of indentured servants was a source of social unrest.
Contracts for indentures generally lasted four to five years.

Most indentured servants received significant land upon completion of their contracts.

The English colonial settlements in the Caribbean .
had a smaller percentage of slaves than that held by the North American colonies
concluded it was cheaper to buy new African slaves than to protect those they owned
developed their settlements along the same lines as those of the Chesapeake
developed significant economic success through building ships

concluded it was cheaper to buy new African slaves than to protect those they owned

After tobacco, the second most significant product in the Southern Colonies was .
sugar
cotton
corn
rice

rice

The Pilgrims and Puritans who came to Massachusetts .
hoped to create ideal, close-knit Christian communities
originally intended to settle in Canada
mainly wanted to find a faster sea route to trade with Asia
were seeking to escape military service in England

hoped to create ideal, close-knit Christian communities

Which of these statements is true about the thirteen British colonies in late colonial America?
Most colonial colleges accepted female as well as male students.
Over 90 percent of white males could read and write.
Freedom of the press generally declined as authorities convicted all critics.
After the Bible, almanacs were the most widely circulated publications.

After the Bible, almanacs were the most widely circulated publications.

The greatest profits in the colonial Chesapeake came from .
development of fisheries and lumber
fur trade with Native Americans
the discovery of gold and silver
the production of tobacco

the production of tobacco

Like New York, the New Jersey colony .
was dominated by those who owned patroonships
had great ethnic and religious diversity
had few slaves during its early existence
was characterized by a unified and generally peaceful society

had great ethnic and religious diversity

In the outbreaks of witchcraft hysteria that marked New England colonial life, those accused were most commonly .
criminals
women of low social position
not members of the church
Native Americans or slaves

women of low social position

The "middle grounds" refers to a region of colonial North America in which .
French colonists managed to hold the balance of power
English colonists quickly became the dominant power
no single European or Native American group held clear dominance
Native American tribes were largely able to keep European colonists out

no single European or Native American group held clear dominance

The Quaker colonies .
tried especially hard in their early years to live in peace with Native Americans and buy land fairly from them
developed a varied economy that included significant amounts or rice and sugar production
were founded by William Bradford and John Winthrop
were among the least tolerant of other religions

tried especially hard in their early years to live in peace with Native Americans and buy land fairly from them

Georgia was founded .
to quickly make money for its investors
to create a military barrier against the Spanish
by Quaker militia
to provide a refuge for Catholics

to create a military barrier against the Spanish

In colonial New England Puritan communities, women .
were considered to be socially and politically equal to males
were the ones who upheld primogeniture in the family regardless of church membership
were much less likely to be able to keep their families intact than in the Chesapeake
were expected to devote themselves to serving the needs of their husbands and households

were expected to devote themselves to serving the needs of their husbands and households

The Great Awakening of the 1730s and 1740s .
was carried forward entirely by American-born preachers
began as a call for young men to become ministers
had particular appeal with women and young men
helped to smooth differences within existing congregations

had particular appeal with women and young men

Spain's southeastern colonies in North America .
were focused on trade and had few military or religious officials
were significantly depopulated due to rivalry with the English and French
kept peace with Native Americans on the southern frontier of the English colonies
executed all slaves who escaped there from the nearby colonies of other countries

were significantly depopulated due to rivalry with the English and French

Which of these statements regarding the Navigation Acts (1660s) is false?
The acts were intended to enforce the principles of mercantilism.
Certain colonial products could be exported only to England.
English colonies were closed to all trade except that carried by English ships.
English colonists could only produce products that were also sold in England.

English colonists could only produce products that were also sold in England.

Which statement about the economy of the New England Colonies is true?
The economy was more diverse than in the Southern Colonies.
Planters were more likely than the Southern Colonies to rely on slave labor.
Conditions for cash-crop farming were more favorable than in the Southern Colonies.
They manufactured little and imported almost all their products from England.

The economy was more diverse than in the Southern Colonies.

The suppression of Bacon's Rebellion helped spur .
slavery in Virginia
cotton production
European investment
calls for independence from England

slavery in Virginia

Eighteenth-century Enlightenment thinkers .
had little influence on colonial American intellectual thought
emphasized the importance of religious faith in properly understanding existence
suggested that rational people had considerable control over their own lives
challenged concepts such as "natural laws"

suggested that rational people had considerable control over their own lives

The most rebellious of the New England Colonies that grew out of Massachusetts (at least in the minds of the leaders of Massachusetts) was .
Maine
Connecticut
Rhode Island
New Hampshire

Rhode Island

The development of the Carolina colony was notable in that .
the northern and southern regions were economically and socially distinct from each other
its economy was grounded in tobacco production
the colony was able to attract large numbers of settlers from neighbouring colonies
its founders had discouraged the use of slaves

the northern and southern regions were economically and socially distinct from each other

By 1700, English colonial landowners began to rely more heavily on African slavery in part because .
landowners in the Southern Colonies became less capable of paying indentured servant wages
of worsening economic conditions in England
of a declining birth rate in England
the English government had come to discourage the practice of indenture

of a declining birth rate in England

The Dominion of New England .
was called into being by King Charles I
declared the Navigation Acts null and void
was intended to give each colony greater self-government
put a single royal governor over New England and New York

put a single royal governor over New England and New York

Which statement regarding colonial higher education is true?
American colleges placed a low value on recent European scientific theories.
Parliament regulated the establishment of American colleges.
Most colonial leaders after 1700 went abroad to study.
Most early colleges were founded by religious groups.

Most early colleges were founded by religious groups.

Which of these did the Chesapeake colonies NOT establish as a solution to their problems and a characteristic of later colonies?
private ownership of land
widespread religious toleration for Catholics, Protestants, Jews, and atheists alike
indentured servitude then slavery as sources of labor
good intentions ending with most Native Americans killed or moved out of the area

widespread religious toleration for Catholics, Protestants, Jews, and atheists alike

By the mid-eighteenth century, a distinct colonial merchant class came into existence, in part because of .
illegal colonial trade in markets outside the British Empire
new access by non-British ships granted by the government to the colonial carrying trade
the development of a substantial colonial manufacturing industry
the abolishment of the British Navigation Acts

illegal colonial trade in markets outside the British Empire

Which statement regarding slavery in English North America in 1700 is false?
Blacks were heavily concentrated in a few Southern Colonies.
The demand for slaves led to a steady rise in the prices paid for them.
There were twice as many black men as black women.
Blacks outnumbered whites in some areas.

The demand for slaves led to a steady rise in the prices paid for them.