Ap Lit - Poetry terms

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Alliteration

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51 Terms

1

Alliteration

repetition of the same sounds/letters, usually consonants, in a string of words

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2

Assonance

repetition of similar/identical vowel sounds in neighboring words

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3

ballad

narrative poetry which represents a single dramatic episode, often tragic/violent

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4

blank verse

unrhymed iambic pentameter (NOT free verse)

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5

cacophony

harsh, dissonant sounds, usually clipped, explosive delivery, plosive consonants (like most swear words!)

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6

cadence

rising and falling rhythm of speech, rise and fall of pitch at the end of a phrase

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7

caesura

a pause in a line of verse, often coincides with end of sentence

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8

conceit

elaborate metaphor, usually making unusual comparisons (If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head”

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9

connotation

what a word suggests. think, “house” vs “home”

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10

consonance

repetition of similar consonant sounds in words with difference vowel sounds. “hot foot”

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11

couplet

two consecutive lines of poetry that have the same rhyme and meter

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12

dactyl

metrical foot. one accented syllable followed by 2 unaccented. (“ACCennntedddd”)

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13

dirge

funeral lamentation

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14

dissonance

harshness of sound/rhyme

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15

dramatic monologue

fictional character speaks to a silent audience of one or more people.

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16

elegy

elaborate, formal lyric poem lamenting a death of a friend or a public figure

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17

end-stopped line

when the end of a line coincides with he end of a sentence

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18

enjambment

exactly the opposite of an end-stopped line - grammatical structure runs over the end of a line

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19

epic

long, narrative poem about a hero

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20

euphony

pleasant smoothness of sound.

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21

extended metaphor

metaphor sustained for many lines/the whole poem

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22

foot

basic unit of poetic meter

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23

free verse

poetry that resembles normal speech.

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24

heroic couplet

two end-stopped iambic pentameter lines rhymed aa, with the thought usually completed in the two line unit.''Intrench'd before the town both armies lie, While Night with sable wings involves the sky.”

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25

hexameter

a line containing 6 feet

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26

iamb

foot with an unaccented syllable followed by an accented one. eg, “indeed” is pronounced “in-DEED”

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27

image

language referring to the senses/perception

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28

imagery

making pictures with words

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29

in medias res

latin: “in the middle of things”, starting a narrative in the middle of action, just like the movie deadpool

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30

lyric

unusually short poem expressing the poet’s emotions/thoughts. eg robert frost’s “fire and ice”

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31

measure

an older word for meter

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32

meter

the pattern of sound units(feet) which is more or less regular throughout the poem

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33

octave

a stanza of eight line

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34

ode

elaborate, formal lyric poem, usually a lengthy address to a person/entity. go read keats’ “ode to a nightingale”. best poem there is

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35

pastoral

poetry concerning shepherds and country life

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36

pentameter

5 feet in a line

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37

persona

fictional “I” assumed by the writer

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38

prosody

study of sound and rhythm in poetry (most boring job in existence)

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39

quatrain

stanza of 4 lines

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40

refrain

line/group of lines/phrase repeated at intervals throughout the poem. famous example from edgar allan poe, "Quoth the Raven, Nevermore"

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41

rhyme

similarity of sound between two words.

masculine: one syllable

feminine: two syllable

slant: approximate rhyme

eye: spelling based. “though/through”

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42

rhythm

patterned flow of sound in poetry

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43

scansion

analyzing the meter in lines of poetry by counting and marking accented and unaccented syllables and dividing lines into feet (latin kids know)

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44

sestet

six line poem/stanza

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45

sonnet

14 line poem in iambic pentameter

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46

stanza

a “paragraph” of a poem

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47

stress

emphasis on a word/syllable

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48

trochee

the opposite of an iamb. accented then unaccented. eg “garden” is pronounced “GAR-den” not “gar-DEN”

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49

verse

poetry, but the word usually indicates more rigorous rhythm + meter

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50

villanelle

5 stanzas of 3 lines, and a final stanza of 4 lines

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51

volta

turn in the mood of a sonnet, usually between the octave and the sestet of the sonnet. (octave = 8 line stanza, sestet = 6 line stanza)

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