Cellular Tonicity & Circulation → Cell Tissues

What is osmosis?

Passive movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from low to high solute concentration.

What is an isotonic solution?

Solution with the same solute concentration as the cell; no net water movement.

What is a hypertonic solution?

Solution with higher solute concentration than the cell; water leaves the cell.

What happens to animal cells in hypertonic solution?

They shrivel.

What happens to plant, bacterial, or fungal cells in hypertonic solution?

Cytoplasm shrinks away from cell wall (plasmolysis).

What is a hypotonic solution?

Solution with lower solute concentration than the cell; water enters the cell.

What happens to animal cells in hypotonic solution?

They swell and can burst (lysis).

What happens to plant, bacterial, or fungal cells in hypotonic solution?

They become turgid (swollen and firm).

What are the four basic types of tissues?

Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous.

What are epithelial tissues?

Cohesive sheets of cells that line internal organs and cover the body.

What are connective tissues?

Support structures with sparse cells in ECM; examples: cartilage, bone, blood, adipose.

What are muscle tissues?

Tissues responsible for locomotion (skeletal) and organ system support (smooth, cardiac).

What are nervous tissues?

Tissues that process and transmit information; composed of neurons and glial support cells.