G. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
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21 Terms
Cognitive Development Theory
A theory by Jean Piaget emphasizing the active role of children in constructing their understanding of the world.
Jean Piaget
The key person associated with the Cognitive Development Theory.
Cognitive Development Stages
Piaget proposed that children progress through distinct stages, each characterized by specific cognitive abilities and limitations.
Piaget Stages Mnemonic
Some People Can't Focus.
Sensorimotor Stage
0-2 years; infants learn about the world through their senses and actions.
Object Permanence
Understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen or heard.
Causality
Recognizing cause-and-effect relationships between events or actions.
Preoperational Stage
2-7 years; children develop language and symbolic thinking but struggle with logical reasoning.
Egocentrism
Difficulty seeing things from perspectives other than one's own.
Irreversibility
Inability to mentally reverse a series of steps or thought processes.
Animism
Attributing life-like qualities to inanimate objects.
Artificialism
Belief that natural phenomena are created by humans or some external force.
Transductive Reasoning
Drawing conclusions based on superficial similarities rather than logical reasoning.
Concrete Operational Stage
7-11 years; children understand concrete events and perform simple mental operations.
Conservation
Understanding that quantity remains the same despite changes in appearance.
Classification
The ability to categorize objects or ideas based on shared characteristics.
Seriation
Arranging objects or concepts in a logical order based on a specific property.
Formal Operational Stage
12+ years; adolescents gain the ability to think abstractly and solve hypothetical problems.
Logical Reasoning
Making deductions or inferences based on facts, rules, or principles.
Abstract Reasoning
Thinking about concepts or ideas that are not directly observable.
Moral Reasoning
Understanding and applying principles of right and wrong in social situations.