hist 222

imperialism

imposition of control over other people, undermining sovereignty so they lose freedom to make own decisions

can happen formally or informally

expansionism

the spread of culture, ideas, goods, people

us introduce christianity and expand christianity beyond borders

isolationism

idea of completely abstaining from political or economic relations with other countries

refusing to take sides in foreign conflicts or disputes

not forming any alliances with other territories

using high taxes or tariffs to shield domestic industries from competition

myth of isolationism

us claimed isolationism but acted globally

almost went to war with other countries

traded with china since 1800s

exports went from 320 mill to 1.5 bill

industrial growth forced global involvement

anti imperialist sentiments

against us taking over other countries or people

went against rules of democracy and freedom

most active after spanish american war and after us took pr, g, p

us should not govern people who had not chosen them to

some worried us would get caught in unwanted foreign conflicts and disputes

lure of expansionism and imperialism

growing desire of us to expand territory, economics, political power in places other than n america

new territory=markets, trade, natural resources, power

some believed us had responsibility to spread culture and religion

expansionism changed the idea that us should stay focused on itself and instead become more active in int affairs

7 factors of expansionism and imperialism

eppddnf

economics: trade, markets, resources

pride: wanted to be like europe

power: more power=strength

darwinism: survival of the fittest

divine justification: spread christianity by power of god

closing of frontier: running out of space and land in n america

us interest in cuba

proximity to us

sympathy for cuban suffering

fertile soil=agriculture

gateway to gulf of mexico

spain interest in cuba

one of its last imperial jewels

economics from agriculture

did not want to appear weak

no cuba=no empire

interest in cuban independence

spanish rule=+span-cuba

first insurrection=fail

second insurrection=success guerilla warfare

concentration camps=death and starvation

desire for sovereignty

spain response to insurrection

weyler the butcher's harsh tactics

concentration camps shocked the world

disease, unhygienic, starvation

brutality to crush resistance

yellow press

sensationalism: false stories in news=more people will buy

hearst v pulitzer=ny journal v ny world

fake stories and exaggerated headlines

profit over accuracy

yellow kid cartoon

yellow press view of cuba

cuba=perfect dramatic story

loved war, conflict, suffering

real atrocities but fake stories

spanish seen as monsters

cubans seen as victims

how yellow press shaped opinions

pushed us towards war

de lome=gravest insult toward mckinley

gravest insult=politically weak leader

uss maine blow up=spain fault

public wanted war

pressure on mckinley for good election results

first engagement of war

opportunity for overseas expansion

battle of manila bay

spain was unprepared

access to asian markets

filipinos initially welcomed us

weak spanish fleet

strong us navy

treaty ending the war

treaty of paris

signed in palace of versailles

cuba "independent"

us gets pr, g

us pays spain 20 mill for p

why us no get cuba

teller v plat

teller=us promise not take cuba

war is framed at liberation but really imperialism

platt=later us can intervene

platt over turn teller

guantanamo bay naval base is for us

made cuba independent only on paper

what us acquired

pr=strategic caribbean location

g=gateway to asia

p=economic potential

wi=annexed for naval use

h=annexed after overthrow of queen

s=us expanded to pacific

us interest in china

sick old man of china

disorganized because european imperial countries

us needed china for exports

china=massive consumer base

open door policy

keep china open to all

foreign trade would suffer if no us intervention

us wellbeing requires exports

closing of any markets=us survival threatened

equal access=no monopolies

boxer rebellion

popular uprising against foreign incursion in china

rural chinese martial artists=looked like boxing

targeted christian missionaries

missionaries=damage chinese culture and ideas

us rights to build panama canal

us needed faster route to asia

bought french canal rights

panama part of colombia

colombia refused us deal

panama wanted freedom

panama declare independence

new panama govt let us build canal

why us want canal

asia=money place

needed faster trade routes

canal=economic+military advantage

canal fit roosevelt foreign policy style

what progressives wanted

wanted govt to fix industrial problems

concerned about corruption, monopolies, unsafe conditions

regulation of big businesses, political and social reforms

roosevelt=progressive

muckrakers exposed problems=fueled reforms

why movement come around 1900

rapid industrialization=new problems

unsafe working conditions, child labor

corrupt city govts, political machines

urban overcrowding, poverty

food and drug unregulated

people demanded govt intervention

what was muckraking journalism

investigative journalism in progressive era

exposed corruption, injustice, unsafe conditions

reveal hidden problems=rake the muck

created public outrage=pushed govt reforms

muckraking journalists and causes

upton sinclair: horrors of meatpacking

ida tarbell: monopoly of standard oil

jacob riis: tenement poverty with photographs

lincoln steffens: corruption in city govts

ray baker: racial injustice, discrimination

frank norris: railroad monopolies