Families and Trends in the Periodic Table Chap. 7

atomic radius (covalent)

The … of an atom is defined as half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element that are joined together by a singel covalent bond.

first ionisation energy

The … of an atom is the minimum energy required to completely remove the most loosely bound electron from a neutral gaseos atom in its ground state.

Second ionisation energy

… is the energy required to remove an electron from an ion with one positive charge in the gaeeous state, i.e. the energy required to carry out the following: X→X*2 + e-

Sublimation

… is the changing of a solid directly to a gas on heating without going through the liquid phase.