IP 7 Lecture 3 - MS Drug Action

Methylprednisolone

Reduces Polymorphonuclear leukocytes / PMN migration & capillary leakage

Interferon Beta

Reduces antigen presentation & T cell infiltration in the CNS

Prevent the "kickoff" event in acute exacerbations of MS

Interferon Beta

Essentially endogenous interferon; reminds the immune system of what it's "supposed to be doing"

Teriflunomide

Pyrimidine Synthesis Inhibitor

Teriflunomide

Inhibits the rate limiting enzyme which causes reduced B and T cell activation

Cladribine

Incorporated into DNA (within dividing cells), which causes reduced T and B cell activation

Glatiramer acetate

A biologic mixture of "random" polypeptides which "distracts" the immune system

Glatiramer acetate

Decreases antigen response to myelin proteins

Fingolimod

Prevents lymphocyte (T & B cell) exit from the lymph nodes

Siponimod

Prevents lymphocyte (T & B cell) exit from the lymph nodes

Ozanimod

Prevents lymphocyte (T & B cell) exit from the lymph nodes

Ponesimod

Prevents lymphocyte (T & B cell) exit from the lymph nodes

Dimethyl Fumarate (DMF)

Activates Nrf2 to decrease oxidative stress & inflammation

Monomethyl Fumarate (MMF)

Activates Nrf2 to decrease oxidative stress & inflammation

Diroximel Fumarate (DRF)

Activates Nrf2 to decrease oxidative stress & inflammation

Natalizumab

Inhibits T cell adhesion and infiltration into the CNS

Modulates T cell permission to enter the CNS

Alemtuzumab

Depletes B and T cells by ADCC

Any cells with CD52 are marked for destruction

Ofatumumab

Complement-dependent cell lysis and antibody-dependent cell-mediated toxicity in cells that overexpress CD20

Ocrelizumab

Complement-dependent cell lysis and antibody-dependent cell-mediated toxicity in cells that overexpress CD20

Ublituximab

Complement-dependent cell lysis and antibody-dependent cell-mediated toxicity in cells that overexpress CD20

Dalfampridine

Improves conduction in long demyelinated axons (to the legs basically) by delaying repolarization and prolonging action potentials

Dalfampridine

Potassium channel blocker