Lab 1: osteology ; bones of skull, vertebrae and ribs.

identify bones on front of skull

- Frontal bone - Parietal bones - Maxilla - Mandible - Zygomatic bone - Sphenoid bone - Nasal bones - Lacrimal bones - Ethmoid bone - Vomer - Inferior nasal conchae - Palatine bones

identify bones and landmarks visible on posterior skull

- Occipital bone - External occipital protuberance - Superior nuchal line - Inferior nuchal line

identify bones and landmarks visible on lateral skull

- Frontal bone - Parietal bones - Temporal Bone - Mastoid process

- Occipital bone - Maxilla - Mandible - Zygomatic bone - Sphenoid bone - Nasal bones - Lacrimal bones - Ethmoid bone

Identify the landmarks and parts that can be found on all vertebrae:

- Spinous process - Transverse processes - Lamina - Pedicles - Vertebral body - Vertebral arch - Superior articular process - Superior articular facet - Inferior articular process - Inferior articular facet - Vertebral foramen - Intervertebral foramina - Intervertebral discs

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

7

how many thoracic vertebrae are there?

12

how many lumbar vertebrae are there?

5

how many sacral vertebrae are there?

5

these fuse together to form sacrum

how manny coccygeal vertebrae are there?

4

fuse to form coccyx

Which vertebrae is the atlas?

C1

the atlas has no body

allows you to produce the "yes" motion of head

which vertebrae is the axis?

C2

allows you to produce "no motion"

identify the specialized vertebral features of a cervical vertebrae

-transverse foramina

-uncinate processes

identify the specialized features of the Atlas (C1)

-posterior arch

-posterior tubercle

Identify the specialized features of the axis (C2)

-Dens (odontoid process)

Which vertebra of the cervical spine would you find the Vertebra Prominens?

C7

Identify the specialized features of the thoracic vertebrae

-superior costal facet

-inferior costal facet

-transverse costal facet

costal facets are where vertebra articulated with the ribs

identify the mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae

found on the posterior aspect of the superior articular processes of the lumbar vertebrae

locate the specialized structures on the sacrum

-Superior articular process - Superior articular facet - Promontory - Ala - Auricular surface - Sacral foramina (anterior and posterior) - Sacral hiatus - Sacral cornu - Sacral canal - Median sacral crest

Identify the anatomical landmarks of the sternum

-Manubrium - Jugular notch (suprasternal notch) - Body - Sternal angle - Xiphoid process

Which ribs are "true ribs"?

ribs 1-7

which ribs are "false ribs"?

ribs 8-12

which ribs are "floating ribs"?

11 and 12

Identify the features of thoracic wall

-Costochondral junction - Costosternal junction - Xiphisternal joint - Costal margin - Costal angle - Superior thoracic aperture (thoracic inlet) - Inferior thoracic aperture (thoracic outlet)

Identify the special features of the scapula

-- Medial border (vertebral border) - Lateral border (axillary border) - Superior border - Superior angle - Inferior angle - Suprascapular notch - Spine of the scapula - Acromion process - Acromion angle - Supraspinous fossa - Infraspinous fossa - Subscapular fossa - Spinoglenoid notch - Glenoid fossa - Supraglenoid tubercle

Identify the specialized features of Os Coxae/ Pelvic Girdle

Pubis: -pubic symphysis. -pubic tubercle

Ilium: -iliac crest -anterior superior iliac spine -iliac tubercle